I want to cool a gas with a Joule-Thomson experiment, what temperature do I have to be at?

给气体降温时,需要到达什么温度？

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Every time you do the experiment T in equilibrium with the heat bath at T, v2 you'll get the same p2 and V2.

与热库相接触的每次实验中,达到热平衡后的温度都是，压强都是p2，体积都是。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And, of course, all that's left is this positive pudding. So that's not going to do anything either. And what he found when he did this experiment, was that the count rate with still 132 000 counts per minute.

剩下的是带正电的布丁,也不会产生什么影响,结果他实验上观测到,计数器测得每分钟132000下,所以到目前为止,他可以说实验。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

- And we could never do this-- and one could never do this experiment today but let me go through it with you and you'll apologize for its--some of its qualities.

我们不能再-,这种实验，如今再不能做了,我给你们从头至尾讲一下,因为实验中性别歧视的原因，我再次道歉。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

This is real, unlike the Joule coefficient which is very small so that most gases have tiny Joule coefficients. So if you do a Joule experiment, you hardly measure a temperature change. With real gases, here you do actually measure it. You can feel it with your finger on your bicycle tire.

系数那样小以至于,大多数气体的焦耳系数,都很小，所以如果你做焦耳实验,很难测量出温度的变化,对于真实气体，你可以测量它，你能通过手指按在,自行车轮胎上来感觉到它。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So in this experiment here, delta p is less than zero. You need to have this whole thing greater than zero. So delta T is less than zero as well. So if you're below the inversion temperature and you do the Joule-Thomson experiment, you're going to end up with something that's colder on this side than that side.

所以在这个实验中，Δp小于零,这全部都大于零,因此ΔT也小于零,所以如果在低于转变,温度的情况下做焦耳-汤姆孙实验,最后的结果是,这边的温度比这边低。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选