He had shared a Nobel Prize for his part in the discovery of the structure of DNA.

VOA: special.2010.03.23

We talked about the structure of DNA, how it works in terms of a physical chemical model of the DNA molecules.

上节课我们讲了DNA的结构,从理化模型的角度讲了,DNA分子是如何工作的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So the repeating unit in DNA is this structure here, a nucleotide, which has three different regions.

NA的重复单位就是,核苷酸,它有三个不同的区域

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

This was the famous finding of Watson and Crick in describing the structure of DNA.

沃森和克里克对DNA结构的描述,是一项非常伟大的发现

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They will reform their natural structure, and for DNA that means forming double helixes.

它们将重新形成原本的结构,对于DNA来说,就是重新形成DNA双螺旋

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If I took two double stranded DNA molecules and I exposed them to certain conditions that caused them to denature, that means its native structure falls apart.

假如我把两条DNA双链,放在特定的条件下,使它们变性,变性表示使它们的原始结构分开

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DNA is a double helix, you know this, the double helix was--the structure of DNA was discovered about the time that I was born you've always lived with it.

NA是双螺旋结构,众所周知,DNA的这种双螺旋结构,是在我出生的那个年代才被发现的,它就是你生命的一部分

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The whole structure of a DNA molecule looks like this, going back to a more cartoon version like I showed you before but adding some detail onto it now.

NA分子的全部结构都和,刚才的卡通模型上差不多,但细节更为丰富

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This is a feature of DNA shown in this cartoon form, so if you can keep that sort of schematic in mind, it makes it a lot easier to understand the detailed structure.

这是卡通模型所表现的DNA的特点之一,如果你能把这个模型记住,你会很容易理解DNA分子的详细结构

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It breaks down into its component parts and I show two of those component parts here, one is the genetic material, in this case DNA, and the other is all the proteins that form the structure of the virus.

分解为自身各种零件,这里给你们展示一下其中的两个,其一是遗传物质,这里指DNA,另一个是构建病毒结构的所有蛋白质

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There might be these, what are called epigenetic differences that I mentioned changes in the structure around DNA, and those changes lead to differences in which fraction of the total genes in the chromosomes are being expressed by a particular cell.

可能存在的差异,叫做表观遗传差异,我之前说过的DNA结构上的变化,而这些变化导致,在特定细胞中,染色体组的全部基因中,只有一部分表达出来

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That's what I want to do for the first few minutes of the lecture here is tell you a little bit about the details of the structure and how molecules fit into this image of DNA that's already very familiar to you.

这是我想要,在这节课最初几分钟告诉你们的,有关DNA结构的一些细节,DNA分子结构与这个卡通模型如此一致,对你们来说很熟悉

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now DNA is a double helix and I've only shown you one part of the helix, right? I've shown you one upright strut and a base hanging off of it, but it forms a double helix because complementary strands of DNA strongly associate with one another and that's a very stable structure.

NA是双螺旋,我只是给你们讲了螺旋的一边,我给你们演示,一条链的支柱及碱基团,但其能构成双螺旋,是因为DNA是完全互补的两条链,彼此之间结合紧密,结构异常稳定

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