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Or,he said human DNA really was present in the bone, but the bone was too small or low-quality to repeat the first results.
VOA: special.2011.03.15
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Now if I put them in contact with one another, the plasmid that's been opened and fragments of the DNA - special fragments that I've produced with the same restriction enzyme, they'll have the same sticky ends, they will naturally hybridize with one another.
如果我让它们互相接触,已经切开的质粒和DNA片段--,这DNA片段是我已用同种限制性内切酶,处理过的特别片段,这两者会有相同的粘性末端,它们会自然地相互杂交
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Retroviruses, for example, can only insert - can only transduce and express their DNA in cells that are dividing.
就以逆转录病毒为例,它们只能在分裂阶段的细胞里,转导并表达自己的基因
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Then they made small changes to the bacterium's deoxyribonucleic acid -- DNA for short.
VOA: special.2010.07.20
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Suppose that there were some sort of genetic marker and, although we didn't have a tattoo that you would just have to look at, -- but you could have genetic counseling-- have your DNA examined and you could tell, if you had the DNA testing, how much time you had left.
假设有某种基因标记，虽然我们没有,让你不得不去看的在身上的标记了，但你可能会去做基因咨询-,检查你的DNA，如果你做了DNA化验的话，你就能知道自己还剩多少时间。
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The researchers added the changed DNA to yeast -- a simple,single-cell organism.
VOA: special.2010.07.20
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Now in this case the host - you want the host not only to replicate all the DNA, you want it also to express the gene.
而这种情况下宿主--,你不只希望宿主复制基因,同时也想使之表达基因
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The nucleus contains rope-like strands of DNA that carry the information.
VOA: special.2010.03.23
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If you repeatedly go through this cycle of denaturing, synthesizing, denaturing, synthesizing you'll get many, many copies of DNA.
如果你不断重复这个变性-复制,变性-复制的循环过程,你就会得到很多很多的DNA复制产物
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They examined DNA-methylation in the white blood cells.
VOA: special.2009.11.24
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This is - what this diagram shows you is-- the forces that hold these individual strands of DNA into a double stranded form.
你们可以看看这个图表,演示了连接两条DNA长链为双螺旋,结构的化学力
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Or,the DNA in the bone might be non-human.
VOA: special.2011.03.15
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You know this, you can - it's hard to pick up a newspaper or a news magazine without hearing some new application of DNA technology.
你知道的,你-,随便翻一份报纸或杂志,上面很少没提到DNA技术的某个新应用
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A DNA-based vaccine wouldn't have to be grown in chicken eggs, doing away with the time-consuming and finicky manufacturing process of the current flu vaccine.
VOA: standard.2010.07.21
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The cell is a fertilized egg, so you take a fertilized egg and you directly inject plasma DNA into the pronucleus, into one of the pronucleus--pronuclei.
供试细胞是受精卵,当你获得一枚受精卵,可以直接将胞质DNA注射到,它的一个原核中
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The sperm - say this is the one sperm cell that's able to inject its DNA into the egg, well then this cell has a polarity.
假设某个精子细胞,成功向卵子注入了自己的DNA,那这个细胞就有了极性
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DNA is a double helix, you know this, the double helix was--the structure of DNA was discovered about the time that I was born you've always lived with it.
NA是双螺旋结构,众所周知,DNA的这种双螺旋结构,是在我出生的那个年代才被发现的,它就是你生命的一部分
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Then we'll talk about engineering of DNA and why this has been such - not only a rapidly growing and advancing area but one that's so important for Biomedical Engineering.
然后我们会谈论DNA工程,以及为何它不仅,是一个向前飞速发展的领域,而且对生物医学工程十分的重要
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Here's another - that's a biological way of cloning it.
这里有另一种--,是一种克隆DNA的生物方法
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That concept is called DNA-based vaccine, or DNA vaccines.
这个概念称为以DNA为基础的疫苗,或者DNA疫苗
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So my goal today is to talk about sort of the basics of the molecules, their chemistry, the function of DNA in cells, sort of basic - the basic side of that.
所以我今天的任务是告诉你们,DNA分子的各种基团,它们的化学结构,细胞内DNA分子的功能
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Some of them are changes in the - not the sequence of DNA, not the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA but the chemistry of DNA around that the way that it's packed into a nucleus.
某些改变不是发生在DNA序列上,不是在DNA的核苷酸序列上,而是发生在DNA包装进细胞核的,一系列化学变化中
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Now remember that there were only four different colors in the cartoon of the DNA double helix that we talked about and I told you that those colors are really - represent the bases but there's five of them here.
现在要记住只有四种不同的颜色,在双螺旋DNA的卡通模型上出现,我们刚说过这个,我告诉你们的这些颜色,它们代表不同的碱基,不过有五种碱基
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Certain segments of DNA are being converted into RNA, and whereas in replication, you have to copy the whole genome, the whole - all of the chromosomes, all of the DNA contained in the chromosomes of the cell in order to completely replicate it; transcription only works on particular sequences of DNA.
特定的DNA序列被转录为RNA,在复制的过程中,整条染色体都被复制,包括其中的全部DNA序列,都被分毫不差地复制下来,以保证复制的完整性,而转录过程只发生在特定的DNA序列上
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This is where - this is the region of the plasmid where we're going to insert the DNA that we're interested in.
这就是我们将在质粒上,插入我们感兴趣的DNA的位置
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What was--the vaccine you got was produced totally outside of people using recombinant DNA technology.
你们所使用的疫苗是利用完全,脱离于人体外的DNA重组技术生产的
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It's totally synthetic, there's no micro-organism involved in making the DNA for you, You can do it very rapidly in a laboratory, and fairly inexpensively now.
完全是复制的过程,没有任何微生物参与制造DNA,你可以在实验室里迅速地进行,费用现在也相当便宜了
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Hybridization simply means that DNA will re-nature and form a stable double helix only with its particular match, only with the hybrid that it is perfectly complementary, too.
核酸分子杂交表示,DNA在变性状态下可以恢复活性,和与其配对的单链形成稳定的双螺旋结构,只有在完全配对时才会发生这种情况
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In a normal cell DNA that DNA in the normal cell - this DNA gets cut by the restriction enzyme, so the sickle gene ends up - so that hemoglobin gene ends up in two pieces.
一个正常细胞的DNA,正常细胞里的DNA,会被限制酶所剪切,因此镰状血红蛋白基因--,不对,是正常血红蛋白基因被切成两段
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I'm sure some of you have dealt with electrophoresis gels in the past and it's really just a slab of something like Jell-O where you can put a sample at one end of the Jell-O, your sample of fragmented DNA.
我相信在座肯定有些已经接触过电泳凝胶,真的挺像一块板状果冻的,你可以把一段样本放在"果冻"的一端,你的DNA片段样本
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