Mister Veblen argued that people gathered wealth for the purpose of "conspicuous consumption."

VOA: special.2011.05.01

It's the amount that people spend on consumption goods, things that you buy for your current use, like food, shelter, clothing, etc.

它是人们购买消费品所花费的总额，为每日生活所买的东西，比如食物，住宿，衣物等。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Part of--this is the--it's not loan-to-value ratio-- this is the ratio of mortgage debt to personal consumption expenditure.

这并非贷款价值比率的问题,一定程度上,是抵押率的问题,即负债对个人消费支出的比率

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

But religious leaders, like Pope Benedict, have been reminding the faithful that consumption is not the way to find meaning.

VOA: standard.2010.01.23

just like the line numbers in any modern edition of Milton that's been produced for the likes of you, for the consumption of college English majors.

跟现在版本的弥尔顿诗歌标有行数一样,这是为像你们这样喜欢弥尔顿的人而印上的，还有大学里英语系的学生们。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Studies show that global sugar consumption has risen dramatically from 11 million tons in 1900 to about 145 million tons today.

VOA: standard.2010.04.25

Those kinds of desires are connected also with that American habit of consumption.

这些渴望也是与美国的,消费习惯相关的。

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选

Coal fuels 70 percent of China's energy consumption, making the country the largest consumer and producer of coal in the world.

VOA: standard.2010.08.03

Equal justice, he tells us, requires equal taxation policy and he seems to be proposing a kind of consumption tax so that the rich, who consume more will have to pay their fair share.

再者，社会公平是建立在等同的税收政策上的,霍布斯还提议征收消费税,如此一来，富人就会因为消费得多，而缴纳相对公平的税收份额。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

Analysts say the Balkan country is struggling with its worst economic slump since independence in 1991, as consumption,investments and exports have tumbled.

VOA: standard.2009.12.28

In an ideal world, where you can borrow and lend freely, an individual could choose consumption along any point on this line.

在理想情况下,你可以随意借贷,每个人都可以将这条线上任意一点,作为自己的消费额

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

But a new study says, most continue to focus on consumption, And those values will have to change to avoid more environmental damage.

VOA: standard.2010.01.23

Every country computes an estimate of how much is spent each year on consumption by the people who live in the country.

每个国家估算出,生活在该国国内居民,每年的消费额。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Leonhart says La Familia is philosophically opposed to selling methamphetamine to Mexicans, but eagerly exports the drug to the United States for consumption.

VOA: standard.2009.10.22

And I would suggest to you that the consumption of home is driven by a certain kind of desire as well, that desire to move up in the American class structure: "the first electric refrigerator in my family."

而我的看法是对家的消耗,也是由一种特定的渴望驱动的，这种渴望上升到美国的阶级结构：,“我们家的第一台电冰箱“

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选

One is the mega-chain Wal-Mart. "On one hand,Wal-Mart's whole business model is based on consumption.

VOA: standard.2010.01.23

If I consume less than my income today, I'm saving and my consumption would be lower this year.

如果我花的比赚的少,我在储蓄,今年的消费就会较少

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Critics,including the Australian government, say the research argument is a cover for the sale and consumption of whale meat, which is banned under international regulations.

VOA: standard.2010.01.06

You can see that in the early 1950s mortgage debt was only something like 25% of personal consumption expenditure, but now it's up to about 100%.

抵押贷款在20世纪50年代,只占个人消费支出的25%,现在却占到几乎100%

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

In 1985,Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev ordered dramatic cuts in the production of wines and spirits and introduced strict controls on the public consumption of alcohol.

VOA: standard.2009.10.15

What Backus, Kehoe, and Kydland did was look at how much the consumption correlates-- the movement from year to year-- correlate across countries.

巴克斯，凯赫和基德兰德做的就是,研究这些消费的相关性-,不同年份消费的相关性-,不同国家的不同运动规律。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

She cites oil consumption figures as an example that contradict the IEA's findings.

VOA: standard.2010.08.03

The budget constraint is going to have a different slope to it and preferences will be different over this horizon between consumption then and consumption now.

预算约束线的斜率会有所不同,人们对即时消费和延期消费的偏好,也会有所不同

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

And they're overfished almost everywhere because they are so desired for human consumption."

VOA: standard.2010.07.20

In this article, they talked about the correlation of consumption around the world.

在这篇文章中，他们讨论了世界范围内的消费相关性。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Beijing has refused to agree to cap its overall growth in its consumption of fossil fuels or reduce its emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.

VOA: standard.2010.08.03

They think, it doesn't matter what I do, I'm going to get the same consumption as everybody else, so I'll just get lazy-- a very fundamental problem, which you probably are already aware of.

因为他们知道，无论做了什么，都会享受与其他人相同的消费水平，所以偷懒就行了-,想必你们都已经意识到了，道德风险在这里是极其重要的问题。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Patrick Michael from the conservative Cato Institute doesn't address environmental issues around consumption.

VOA: standard.2010.01.23

What they argued in this paper was that, if we had perfect risk management, then there would be perfect correlation of consumption across countries because if we get rid of the idiosyncratic risks, then all that's left is planet-wide risks.

他们在论文中的观点是，如果我们有完善的风险管理,那在不同国家之间的消费呈完全相关,因为如果我们消除了特有风险，那只剩下全球范围内的市场风险。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

.. The problem is again the ideal-- they're trying to work toward what I think of an ideal that we see in finance-- 1 mainly, the perfect correlation of consumption and the elimination of risk--we all help each other.

问题又回到了理想-,他们为之奋斗的这种理想状态,如果用金融学的理念来解读-,就是消费与风险消除的相关系数为,即完全正相关，所有人都互助互利。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选