You can imagine that if a vector is viewed from an angle, then its components will vary with the perspective.

你可以想象一下,如果换一个角度观察矢量,其分量会相应地发生变化

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All these components have to be compatible with each other and it has to work according to a plan, which ultimately is informed by this theory.

所有的零部件都要能够相互兼容,并能发挥作用,按照上述理论

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You need to know if it's an equilibrium, and you also need to know how many components you have in your system So, a glass of ice water with an ice cube in it, which is a heterogeneous system, has only one component, which is water, H2O.

要知道它是不是平衡的，你还需要知道,你的系统中有多少组分,一杯放了冰块的水，虽然它是个非均匀系统，但它只有一种组分，那就是水。

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And I can find the orientation of the arrow You have the option of either working with the two components of A or with the arrow.

我也可以求得矢量的方向,你可以选择使用,A 的两个分量或者矢量图来计算

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It's got components which are x and y that could vary with time.

它有两个分量,x 和 y,二者都随时间变化

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It's not enough to say these are the components of the vector; you've got to tell me, "I am working with i and j, which I define in the following manner."

所以,只说"这些是某矢量的分量"是不够的,你还得告诉我,"我选取的基矢是 i 和 j,它们是这样定义的"

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Now, when you work with components, Ax and Ay, if I didn't mention it, they are the components of the vector, you can do all your bookkeeping in terms of Ax and Ay.

当你们在计算分量 Ax 和 Ay 的时候,即使我没有说明,你们也要记得它们是矢量的分量,你们可以都用 Ax 和 Ay 的形式来表示

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选