Throughout history, the language spoken by a powerful group spreads across a civilization.

VOA: special.2009.12.02

And so there are famous reports of how the Aztecs, that whole civilization, was devastated by smallpox.

有报道说阿兹特克文明如何发达,但这整个文明,都毁灭于天花

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now, let me carry on with this by talking about the views of society which are characteristic of the two traditions in Western civilization.

下面我们继续,来谈一下有关于,体现了这两种不同西方文明传统,及其特点的社会观

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

And the Spanish, a much smaller group of people was able to overtake the Aztec civilization, very well established, because that group of people was devastated by the disease.

那些西班牙人,只是一支较小的队伍,他们之所以战胜高度发达的阿兹特克文明,是因为阿兹特克人被这种疾病摧残了

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

As early as 1826 an important pro-slavery writer named Edward Brown argued that "Slavery," he said, quote: "Had ever been the stepping ladder by which nations have passed from barbarism to civilization."

早在1826年,一位重要的亲奴主义作家,爱德华·布朗说过,"奴隶制,曾是帮助那些国家从野蛮时期,发展到文明社会的阶梯"

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

That civilization was uncovered by the archaeologists right at the beginning of the twentieth century.

考古学家在二十世纪初首次发现了,拥有该特征的文明

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选