Hobbes believed, on the other hand, that the overriding human fact, the overriding motivation of human behavior, is largely negative, not the desire to do good, but the desire to avoid some evil.

另一方面，霍布斯认为，人类最主要的行为，人行为的最主要的动机，在很大程度上是负面的，并不是为了做善良的事，只不过是为了避免罪恶的发生。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

The two analogies we use " was strengthening our immune system or stronger "psychological engine" that has the capacity to endure more not just from the negative to zero, but also from the zero to the positive.

我们使用的两个类比,是加强我们的免役系统或加强“心理引擎“,获得更强大的忍受能力,不只是从负到零，还要从零到正。

哈佛公开课 - 幸福课课程节选

Initially a psychoanalyst, trained through the works of Freud, she realized the focuses had been too much on the negative-- on neurosis, on psychosis and said we also, not only but also have to focus on what is working on human organism.

她最初是精神分析学者，学习弗洛伊德的理论，意识到其过于注重消极面-,神经症，精神病，她认为，还必须关注影响人类生命体的东西。

哈佛公开课 - 幸福课课程节选