It's a biological system that you've engineered from taking cells from one organism and cloning them and developing a whole other organism.

所谓生物系统的工程化,就是从一种生物体内中取出细胞并克隆,将它们培养成为另一个有机整体

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It's a gene that's on the plasmid, and this particular gene confers a specific biological property to cells that have the plasmid and can use it properly.

它是质粒自带的基因,如果细胞能够获得这种质粒,并正确的利用它的话,这段基因就能赋予该细胞某种生物学特性

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

We're using biological mechanisms and we're growing cells in order to accomplish it.

我们靠生物机制,和培养细胞来达到目的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Much of the work that pharmaceutical companies do in terms of searching for drugs is searching for new ligands that activate receptors and create biological responses inside cells.

很多制药公司新药筛选工作的主要内容,就是寻找能够激活受体的,新型配体,并在细胞内部产生某种生物学效应

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

In fact, we'll talk about that concept throughout the course because one of the big challenges of making these sort of new biological therapies work in people to treat diseases is getting the right molecules into the right cells, at the right period of time.

实际上,我们会讲到一个,贯穿这门课程的概念,因为为了治疗疾病,而采用的新型生物学疗法,所面临的一个大问题就是,如何将正确的分子在适当的时候,转进正确的细胞当中

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It's very important in the biological operation of human cells and that step is RNA splicing, or processing of this RNA, single stranded RNA that's produced by transcription.

而这对人类细胞生物运作至关重要,这个步骤就是RNA剪接,或者说是对RNA的加工,对转录出的单链RNA进行加工的步骤

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选