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Each team had to create a design that could keep the inside of the house at a temperature of between twenty-two and twenty-four degrees Celsius.
VOA: special.2009.10.27
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To ask questions like how much heat is released in a chemical reaction that takes place at constant temperature.
当我们想要知道,当一个化学反应在恒定的温度下发生时,会放出多少热量时。
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And the equation of state, pressure versus volume at constant temperature, is going to have some form, let's just draw it in there like that.
系统的态函数，恒温下压强比体积，变化曲线，就像这样。
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If you have a large number of atoms in an aggregate, it is going to require that the substance turn solid and condense at room temperature.
如果有很多原子进行聚集，在室温下,会使的物质转变成固体状态。
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Because that's the temperature at which many of the molecules in our bodies operate at their most efficient, and enzymes is the best example of that.
因为在正常体温下,体内许多分子活性最高,酶就是其中最好的例子
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And that will end up winning out at basically any realistic temperature where the stuff really is a gas.
在体系仍然处于气体状态的温度下,熵战胜了能量。
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dS/dV And that, now, we know must equal dS/dV, with a positive sign. At constant temperature.
我们知道这个等于恒定温度下的，符号为正。
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OK, now, we're going to look at the internal energy, and we're going to pretend that it is explicitly a function of temperature and volume.
好，我们接下来看看内能，我们假设,它是温度和体积的函数。
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That is, it's easy to write down straight away that dG with respect to temperature at constant pressure S is minus S.
这就是说，可以很简单的写出dG在,恒定压强下对温度的偏导数,是负。
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And where does that happen, At what temperature and pressure and so forth.
在什么温度，和压强下。
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Iron as an element is a solid. That's it's most stable state at room temperature and pressure, right, and so on. And then we can figure out heats of formation.
铁单质是固态,这是他在室温和常压下,最稳定的状态，然后我们,可以算出生成热，现在这个。
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In other words, the order of taking the derivatives with respect to pressure and temperature doesn't matter And what this will show is that dS/dp dS/dp at constant temperature, here we saw how entropy varies with volume, this is going to show us how it varies with pressure.
换句话说,对温度和压强的求导顺序无关紧要,结果会表明,恒定温度下的，对应我们上面看到的，熵如何随着体积变化，这个式子告诉我们，熵如何随着压强变化。
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Now if you're at the temperature which is b higher than the inversion temperature, in that case here, a over RT is small compared to b, and this is going to turn out to be negative.
T>Tinv】,这时a/bR小于,结果是负数，因此如果温度。
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You add a special DNA polymerase called Taq polymerase And Taq polymerase is a polymerase that was identified, a DNA polymerase that was identified from an organism that lives in regions of the earth that are constantly at high temperature.
然后你加进一种特殊的,被称为Taq的DNA聚合酶,Taq聚合酶是已被鉴别出的聚合酶,这种DNA聚合酶是从一种生活在,地球上某些常年高温的区域中的,生物体内发现的
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