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"Insurgencies last a long time." "But,as you look at how long it took to turn Iraq around, it was about 18 months.
VOA: standard.2010.07.22
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Just as last time, we're going to assume that costs are constant marginal costs.
就像上次一样,我们将假设成本是固定的边际成本
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And just as last time the firms are going to try and maximize profits.
就像上次一样,公司希望最大化它们的利润
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And so as we add heat here, that was even quieter than last time.
因此我们在这里加热，怎么比刚才还安静啊？
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I like that answer. I then tested it on the square root of 9, and as I mentioned last time, I didn't find 3. I was not crushed.
我喜欢这个答案,然后我又试了试9的平方根，跟我上次说的一样，答案不是3。
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I was talking last time about the concept of election or choice, God's choice of Israel, Israel as the chosen one, which occurs for the first time in the Book of Deuteronomy.
我上节课提到了“选择“这一概念，上帝选择了以色列，以色列成为选民，这一概念第一次出现在《申命记》中。
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- I would say that this is more of a-- more for fun than perhaps as enlightening as the pure visualizations where that we looked at last time.
我觉得这更加-,比我们上次看的演示,更加有趣。
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Bourgeois and burghers, as I said last time, are urban residents who are losing their privileges on the continent to big-time absolute states.
中产阶级和市民,正如我上次所讲的,这些城市居民是那些在欧洲大陆,被绝对主义国家剥夺权利的人
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As I said last time when I showed you that letter to Pound, Yeats's London apartment is essentially across the street from where the number 30 bus blew up.
上一次我说,当我给你们看他给庞德的信时，叶芝在伦敦的寓所,正好在30路车爆炸,的那条街的对面。
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It's a worldview often obsessed, as we said last time, with notions of honor and duty.
如我们上次所说,这是个,经常执着于荣誉和责任观念的世界观
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I'm the same person as the person that was lecturing to you last time.
我和上次给你们讲课的人是同一人。
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Now last time, following Ricoeur, I mentioned Marx, Nietzsche and Freud as key figures in the sort of secondary development that somehow inaugurates theory, and then I added Darwin.
上次继里克尔之后，我提到了马克思，尼采和弗洛伊德,把他们作为推动初始理论进一步发展的关键人物，之后我加上了达尔文。
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Plus it makes it, as I talked about last time, much easier to think about distributing the vaccine around the world because shots require skilled medical personnel, whereas, an oral vaccine could be self-administered.
而且,这会使得,就像我上次谈到的,这会使得疫苗更容易在世界范围内分发,因为注射需要专业医疗人员,但是,口服疫苗自己就可以服用
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Let's pause it there, and as we said last time, it operates in that fashion, and that beginning gives us a good opportunity to make a distinction between two types of melody, between this idea of a motive and a theme.
稍微停一下,就像我们上次所说的那样,它是这样,编排的,乐曲的开始乐段给了我们很好的范例,来区分两种旋律类型,区分动机和主题
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So there's two firms, just as there was before, and just as there was before--so the players are those two firms, and just as there was last time, they're producing an identical product.
现在有两个公司,就像之前一样,就像之前一样,局中人是这两个公司,就像上次一样,它们生产相同的某一产品
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We'll assume that constant marginal cost just as it was last time is equal to C.
我们假设固定边际成本,像上次一样等于C
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And as I mentioned last time, this was the state of the art until the 17th century.
包括巴比伦人在内的很多人，认为是,最先进的技术。
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So for those of you joining us for the last time, know that the video of Wednesday as will generally be the case is already online.
因此，对于那些最后一次上这门课的同学，周三的视频,会放到网上。
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And, as announced last time, the most important game is the penalty kick game.
正如我上次所说的,它就是罚点球
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As I suggested in talking about the example of math last time, it's not a silly view, even if it's not a view that we all take automatically.
就像我上次用数学举例一样,即便这不是一个我们都能接受的观点,这也不一定是个愚蠢的观点
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That seems to me to be prejudice, as I said last time.
以上的想法在我看来,是一种偏见,正如我上次所说
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Now, as I said last time, the subject of free will--or free will, determinism, causation and responsibility, this cluster of problems-- is an extremely difficult and complicated physical problem.
正如我上次所说的,自由意志这个主题 或者说自由意志,决定论,因果论,责任,这一堆问题,是极端困难和复杂的物理问题
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But in any event, Deuteronomy is not simply the concluding book of the Pentateuch, ; or the story that began in Genesis; it's also the first part of a much larger, longer literary work, as I mentioned last time, a work that runs from Deuteronomy through to the end of 2 Kings.
但无论如何，《申命记》不是摩西五经的终结篇，或者说是自《创世纪》开始的故事;,它也是一部更宏观长远的作品的开篇，我上节课提到过，这部作品从《申命记》一直到《列王记》结束。
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So in this case, the communication worked but am I right in thinking that the communication isn't such an instant solution as it was in the game we saw last time?
在这个博弈中,交流起到了作用,但是能说这和上一讲的博弈一样吗,交流并没能直接给出解决的方案
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Which is, and we're going to do some examples of this, initially we just typed in expressions Python into the interpreter; that is,directly into Python And as I suggested last time, the interpreter is actually a program inside of the machine that is basically following the rules we're describing here to deduce the value and print it up.
也就是，我们将会对这一点讲解一些例子，一开始我们只是简单的把表达式输入,到解释器里面去，也就是直接传给,我上次跟大家讲过，解释器实际上是,机器内置的,按照我们描述的规则,来推算出结果值并把值显示出来的一个东西。
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Now, the crucial point here, the point I was turning to as we ended last time, is that although a person on the physicalist view is just a body, a person isn't just any old body.
但问题的中心,即我在上次结课前谈到的关键点,在于尽管从物理主义的角度来看,人只是肉体,但并不是普通的肉体
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As I said, in some context last time, how many Russian peasants died in the 1890s thinking, "Oh my god, if the Czar only knew that we're starving, how angry he would be with his officials."
就像我在上一讲提到的,有多少死于1890年代的俄国农民会想,"上帝啊,要是沙皇知道我们在挨饿就好了,他该对手下的官员发多大的火啊"
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Well, Plato thinks what's going to follow is that we have some reason to believe in the immortality of the soul as, again, as we indicated last time, the picture is that the mind--the soul-- is able to grasp these eternal Platonic forms, the ideas.
柏拉图认为接下来,我们就有理由去相信,灵魂的不朽,就像我们上次指出的,它的中心思想是心灵,灵魂,可以去认知,这些柏拉图的型相,理念
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But we also saw it's a dangerous idea to take too literally: that sometimes this can get you to over think the problem and actually, as in that numbers game last time, the best choice, the winning choice, might not involve so many rounds.
同时我们也发现过度照本宣科也不好,有时他会导致你,对于问题的过度探究,正如我们上次玩的数字游戏,最优选择,最后获胜的答案,有时不会绕那么多弯子
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It might bend and bow, that is it's not the forces of nature like the movement of the river that's knocking the bridge down, but it's just the failure of these materials over time, that they don't last as long as they might.
这桥可能会折断,不一定是洪水这样的自然灾害,导致了桥梁的坍塌,可能只是因为建桥的材料老化,这种材料没有那么持久耐用
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