If we did the experiment where on this booster we included not only the initial antigen but some unrelated antigen, the response to the unrelated antigen called B here, looks like a primary response.

如果实验中我们使用的后续疫苗,不仅包括原抗原,还包括一些无关抗原,这里将对无关抗原的应答称为B,该应答就如同初次免疫一样

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Then, your muscle cells would start producing Hepatitis B surface antigen and your immune system recognizing that's a foreign protein would start responding to it.

于是,肌肉细胞将会,开始制造乙肝表面抗原,然后免疫系统就会识别出,那是外来蛋白质并且产生免疫应答

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Yeast cells were grown in large numbers with this plasmid inside, they expressed the plasmid and so you made Hepatitis B surface antigen not in people but in cell culture where it was not normally formed.

体内携带这种质粒的酵母细胞大量增殖,它们表达质粒,因此,乙型肝炎表面抗原不是在人体内,而是在细胞培养环境下,以非正常方式形成的

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Helper cells don't become cytotoxic cells but they help B cells become antigen producing - antibody producing cells.

附助细胞不会成为细胞毒细胞,它们帮助B细胞成为抗体分泌细胞

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The antigen has to be presented to helper T-cells, those helper T-cells have to stimulate a B-cell population to both proliferate and differentiate.

抗原需要被呈递给辅助性T细胞,这些辅助性T细胞需要激活B淋巴细胞,使其增殖和分化

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They come from B-cells, they come from B-cells that are activated with a specific antigen.

抗体来自于B细胞,它们来自于被特别的抗原所激活的B细胞

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The antibodies that are produced from these B-cells are also specific for the antigen.

产生自B细胞的抗体,对抗原来说是特异性的

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In the case of the helper cells they stimulate a specific population of B-cells to mature into antibody producing cells, and that antibody is generated against the antigen that stimulated it.

以辅助性T细胞为例,辅助性T细胞刺激特定的B细胞,使这些细胞成长为抗体分泌细胞,抗体分泌细胞产生大量的抗体,以消灭大量增殖的抗原

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