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The shell dropped and exploded above Fort Sumter, a United States military base on an island in the harbor.
VOA: special.2009.08.13
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So the 3 s 1, or any of the other electrons that are in the outer-most shell, those are what we call our valence electrons, and those are where all the excitement happens.
它们是经常发生激发情况的,那也是我们所看到，我们称之为价电子，它们是经常发生激发情况的。
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And you've got the Shell Tower behind you,
你身后就是壳牌塔，
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Founding partners in the alliance include governments and United Nations agencies,nonprofit groups and the energy company Shell.
VOA: special.2010.09.27
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So if we actually go ahead and multiply it by the volume of our shell, then we end up just with probability, which is kind of a nicer term to be thinking about here.
乘以壳层的体积,我们就得到了概率，在这里从这个角度，理解问题更好一些,如果我们考虑的是。
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More than fifty restaurants, seafood dealers and other businesses have joined the Oyster Shell Recycling Alliance.
VOA: special.2010.12.07
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If you took a 15 inch artillery shell moving at the velocity it typically goes at, and take that amount of kinetic energy versus the resistive capacity of a sheet of tissue paper, that's the scale that we're looking at here.
如果你有1个15英寸的炮弹,按照经典的速度移动，会消耗大量的动能,抵抗来自于一张薄纸的阻力，这就是我们在这儿看到的尺度。
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Grant surrounded the fort and let the navy gunboats shell it.
VOA: special.2009.09.03
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Royal Shell used to have Dutch shares that traded in Holland and U.K. shares traded in London.
壳牌公司过去就曾经同时拥有在荷兰交易的荷兰股份,和在伦敦进行交易的英国股份。
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The leaders of ExxonMobil,Shell, ConocoPhillips and Chevron, as well as BP America, testified before a House of Representatives committee Tuesday.
VOA: standard.2010.06.15
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Now, we get to draw some lessons out of this thing, so everybody who's feeling a little bit shell shocked from having been doing algebra and calculus and drawing pictures and feeling like they've been cheated into taking a class that looks far too much like economics, calm down we're going to actually talk right now.
下面我们从中总结点经验出来,那些因为代数和微积分计算还有绘图,而感到十分不爽的同学,你们是不是感觉被我忽悠了,才会选这门一点都不像经济学的课啊,稍安勿躁,我们马上切入正题
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That's how I'm trying to play him and I think he's coming out of his shell a bit in Eclipse."
VOA: standard.2010.07.07
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shell What I have here is a Python shell, and I'm going to just show you some simple examples of how we start building expressions.
好，这是一个Python的，我会给大家看一些,关于写表达式的简单的例子。
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"I though it was a good response from the team, we did not just fall back into our shell and just let it all go out the window,"
VOA: standard.2009.06.07
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And he gave a very good analogy in saying, "It was almost as incredible as if you'd fired a 15 inch shell at a piece of tissue paper, and it came back and hit you."
他还打过一个很好的比方：,“这就像是,你用个15英寸果壳,打到面巾纸上被弹回来打到你，一样不可思议，“
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The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) says armed with assault rifles and heavy machine guns raided an oil facility jointly operated by Royal Dutch Shell and Chevron in Rivers state.
VOA: standard.2009.12.21
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And, these outer shell electrons are termed valence electrons.
这些外层电子被,称作价电子。
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So, let's take a look at one of these rows in more detail to think about why this might be happening, and it turns out the reason that these glitches occur are because the sub shell structure predominates in certain instances, and that's where these glitches take place.
那么，让我们仔细地看一看其中一行,想一想为什么会这样，结果是这些小偏差的出现,是因为在一定情况下,亚壳层结构会产生重要影响，这正发生在小偏差出现的地方。
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r And what that is the probability of finding an electron in some shell where we define the thickness as d r, some distance, r, from the nucleus.
在某个位置为,厚度为dr的壳层内,找到原子,的概率，我们来考虑下我们这里所说的。
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And that bandwidth he called the shell.
他把这轨道宽度称作核壳。
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Just putting it up for completeness. 2s2, and 2p4, and so here's the valence shell.
举这个例子出来是为了完整一点，2s2，2p4，这儿是价电子层。
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So when we talk about p orbitals, it's similar to talking about s orbitals, and the difference lies, and now we have a different value for l, so l equals 1 for a p orbital, and we know if we have l equal 1, we can have three different total orbitals that have sub-shell of l equalling 1.
当我们考虑ｐ轨道时，这和ｓ轨道的情形和相似，不同之处在于ｌ的值不一样，对于ｐ轨道，ｌ等于１,我们知道如果ｌ等于１,我们有３个,不同的轨道。
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This should make sense to you, because they don't, in fact, want to gain another electron, because that would mean that electron would have to go into a new value of n, a new shell, and that's really going to increase the energy of the system.
这对大家来说应该容易理解，因为它们实际上不想得到另一个电子，因为这意味着这个电子不得不,到一个新的，n，值更大的壳层上去，这将会增加系统的能量。
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And when you talk about n for an orbital, it's talking about the shell that shell is kind of what you picture when you think of a classical picture of an atom where you have 1 energy level, the next one is further out, the next one's further away.
当你们谈到，某个轨道的n时，你们说的是壳层，壳层就是,你想象，一个原子,的经典图像时的场景,你有一个能级，下一个再更远的地方，再下一个又更远。
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Here is 2s, l shell. And then there is 2p.
而2s轨道，l层。，然后是2p轨道。
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And we can generalize to figure out, based on any principle quantum number n, how many orbitals we have of the same energy, n and what we can say is that for any shell n, there are n squared degenerate orbitals.
我们可以总结出来，在，主量子数为n的情况下，同一个能量上，有多少个轨道，我们可以说，对任何壳层，有n平方个简并轨道。
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So if we write the electron configuration you see that this is the electron configuration here, 1s22s22p 1 s 2, 2 s 2, 2 p 6, 3s1 and now we're going into that third shell 3 s 1.
现在我们来到第三层,你们会看到3s1价电子之间的区别，电子构型是，现在我们来到第三层。
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We'll start up a shell and we'll try it. All right, we'll just get out of what we were doing here.
我们开一个shell然后试试，先退出现在的这个来。
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And so when we get to n equals three that would be m shell by the spectroscopists' notation.
当n等于3的时候,根据光谱学家的标记法，那就是第m层。
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So, what we can do to actually get a probability instead of a probability density that we're talking about is to take the wave function squared, which we know is probability density, and multiply it by the volume of that very, very thin spherical shell that we're talking about at distance r.
我们能得到一个概率,而不是概率密度的方法,就是取波函数的平方，也就是概率密度，然后把它乘以一个在ｒ处的,非常非常小的,壳层体积。
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