And all we are competent therefore to decoil pose and recoil pose these elements of learning, so that we are still consistent with all those purposes, both explicate and implicit, of an educational environment.
我们可以,单独和综合呈现,这些学习的要素,所以我们仍然与,教育环境的目标一致,包括表层目标深层目标。
And humankind receives its first set of explicit laws, no more implicit, "Murder is bad." "Oh I wish I had known!"
人类要接受明确的律法,而非隐晦的,谋杀是不好的,哦!我要是早知道就好了“
You, as the instruction designer, have to think of from the point of view of fulfilling both the explicate and the implicit purposes of the educational experience you are creating.
你作为教育的设计者,必须从实现,表层目标和,深层目标的角度,考虑你设计的教学体验。
And one reason why we know that is in studies like the IAT, the Implicit Attitudes Test.
之所以这样说,是因为,像内隐态度测试这样的实验。
How, in other words, can it be put to political purposes if there is this underlying, implicit centrism in this notion of reconciliation, harmonization, and balance?
也就是说,文学既然强调和谐和平衡,又怎么能用于政治目的呢?
I want to--another concept-- I guess I've just been implicit in what I have-- There's a distribution called the normal distribution and that is--I'm sure you've heard of this, right?
另一个概念...,刚才这些我都讲明白了吧...,有一个分布叫正态分布,大家有所耳闻吧
So I think these are the implicit ship we are gonna to be thinking about and talking about.
所以我认为这些就是,我们要思考和,谈论的深层目标。
Now let me switch to the implicit purposes of socialization and time-out.
现在转到深层目标,社会化和腾时间。
I don't know. A million people have participated in this implicit.harvard.edu and you could just go online, implicit.harvard.edu and then you could do it yourself.
大约有100万人参加过,你们可以上网,自己一个人做。
I'd like you to keep in mind that these two categories of purposes, both the explicate and the implicit, are something that we need to be responsible for whatever we do as designers of educational situations.
我希望你们记住,这两种教育目标,即表层目标和深层目标,是我们在对教育情境,进行设计时,必须考虑到的内容。
They're automatic rules of the same sort we're going to talk about in the context of visual perception in that they're implicit and unconscious and not accessible to explicit understanding.
这些自动的规则,和我们将要讨论的视觉感知是类似的,因为它们都是内隐的,无意识的,也是无法清晰了解的
We say, "That's a nyewd," and that distinction is what, as it were, bears out the implicit way, the semiconscious way, in which all of us acknowledge there to be a category that we call the aesthetic judgment.
我们会说:“这是个裸体像“,这里面的区别,以一种含蓄的,半模糊的方式体现出来,通过这种方式,我们任何人都承认,的确有一种美学的判断角度。
So gone through all of these dimensions, because I want you to make sure that you could understand that when you are creating an entire course or an entire educational engagement, it is very important to think about both the explicit and the implicit purposes.
在分析完这些方面后,我希望你们,务必明白,在设计整个课程,或是教育参与时,考虑教育的表层目标和,深层目标是十分重要的。
This was developed by Mahzarin Banaji who used to be at Yale and now is in an inferior university in Boston and it's called implicit attitudes test and it's the biggest psychology experiment ever done in terms of people.
这是Mahzarin,Banaji研究出来的,他以前在耶鲁任教,现在在波士顿一间大学任教,这个叫内隐态度测试,这是有史以来最大规模的一个心理实验,从人数上来讲的话。
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