But it is the first time an amino acid has been discovered on a comet.

VOA: special.2009.09.30

And what it's used is to convert one type of group, what's called a carboxylic acid into another type of very reactive intermediate, which is called an acid chloride.

它被用来将一类被称作羧酸的化合物，转化成另外一类活性很高的反应中间体,也就是酰氯。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So I show that here, so in green, you have what's called a carboxcylic acid group, a c o o h, which gets converted by s o c l 2 to a c double bond o c l or an acid chloride.

我在这里用绿色表示，我们所说的羧酸族化合物，碳，氧，氧，氢，它被亚硫酰氯转化为,一个碳氧双键与碳氯单键组成的酰氯。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

HF And let's take an example, HF, hydrofluoric acid, all right?

这里有个例子，氢氟酸，对吧？

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

They bring into proximity an amino acid so that instead of forming a new polymer of a nucleic acid, a polymer of an amino acids is formed.

同时它所携带氨基酸相互邻接,从而形成了一个氨基酸聚合物,而非核酸聚合物

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

I just wanted to point out that although you see these chlorine atoms in these drugs, in fact, I don't think I've ever seen an acid chloride in a final pharmaceutical product or drug that we take, and the reason is because they're so reactive that you wouldn't want to have that in something you digest.

我只是想指出一点,那就是尽管你在这些药物中看到了氯原子，实际上，我想我从来都没有在一个,成品的药用产品或者药物中见到过酰氯，这原因是因为它们太容易反应了,你不会想让它们出现在你要消化的东西中。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

That's because every three base pairs describes an amino acid in a protein.

那是因为每三个碱基对,对应一个蛋白质中的一个氨基酸

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Say it's , that specify an amino acid.

这里是GCU,这就确定了一个氨基酸

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选