And human language uses this amazing trick described by Ferdinand de Saussure, the great linguist, as "The arbitrariness of the sign."

人类语言使用这些,被语言学家费迪南德·德·索绪尔,称之为"符号任意性"的神奇把戏

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

But it's amazing to read the letters and the language of slave traders when they write to each other, the complacency, the mixture of just pure racism on the one hand and just business language on the other.

当你阅读到那些奴隶商们,在往来的书信中所使用的言辞时,会令你非常震惊的,一面是混合在纯粹的种族歧视中的自满,另一面是那种完全商业化的措辞

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选