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What these languages contain are all kinds of ways that we structure the world.
VOA: special.2009.12.02
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Well, all languages are creative and this means a couple of things.
所有语言都是具有创造性的,这表达了几层含义
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And you hear all sorts of different languages if you just stand here for five minutes.
如果你站在这儿五分钟，你就会听到各种不同的语言。
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But not all languages work that way.
但并不是所有的语言都这样表达
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All of these systems we can call "languages," and "language"--that is to say, the words that we use when we speak to each other is one of those systems.
这种系统我们称为语言“,也就是说，是关于我们说话用语的研究,关于那个系统的研究。
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And then you've got all these, you've got over in the patois here, you've got Limosin patois. You've got all these languages.
然后这里有,这里有各种方言,有利穆赞方言,有各种语言
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Well within the next few weeks we will dive into all sorts of languages but the first one is a little something Scratch called Scratch.
在未来的几个星期,我们将接触各种程序语言,第一个就是。
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They thrust together different texts, different languages, writing from different historical periods, all there, compressed in that remarkable mad song that concludes the poem.
它们将不同文字，不同语言，不同历史时代的书写，相互交织穿插，都呈现在那里，摘要叙述在一首举世闻名却又疯狂的结尾歌里。
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All right. Now. Some programming languages, primarily Lisp, actually store lists these ways.
就是这么保存列表的，你可能要问为什么。
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So how are we to account for the diversification of languages, the spread of different ethnic linguistic groups throughout the lands of the earth if we all come from one common creative moment, one common ancestor?
所以，如果我们都起源于同一个时刻，来源于,同一个祖先，那又要怎样解释语言的多样性，怎样解释,使用不同语言的族群遍布地球上的所有土地,这一现象呢？
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What Alexander had wanted to do was to take all these different peoples, who spoke different languages and had different customs, and use a Greek layer to sort of unite his empire overall.
亚历山大的理想是，让所有说不同语言，不同习俗的民族，用一种希腊文化统一帝国。
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In particular, all languages, at minimum, are powerful enough to convey an abstract notion like this; abstract in the sense that it talks about thoughts and it talks about a proposition and spatial relations in objects.
尤其是所有的语言都至少,能够有效地表达抽象概念,在某种意义上来说,抽象概念能够表达思想,能够表述物体的位置与空间关系
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What do all languages share?
所有语言都拥有什么共性呢
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But in any case, this is a well-known term used by Jakobson in this essay which is, like all such terms that somehow wander into other languages, difficult to translate.
但是这个,雅各布森在论文中使用的词汇出名了，并进入了其他语言，而且难以翻译。
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And in fact, languages differ in all the ways that we were talking about.
事实上,各种语言在我们所讲的,各个方面上都是有所差别的
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Rather, you all sounded like, "Blublublublublub" without any pauses because I don't know your languages.
相反,你们都觉得这句话听起来像,"啦啦啦",并未感觉得到任何的停顿,因为我并不懂你的语言
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It's not true, by the way, of all programming languages. In fact, Professor Guttag already talked about that, in some languages lists take a time linear with the length to get to it.
顺便说一句这在大部分，编程语言中做不到，实际上Guttag教授已经说过这一点了，在一些语言中取得数组,要花费时间是线性长度的。
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But other languages, Java, C++, and the like all come with Bool.
但是在其它语言中，像Java，C++中，都有Bool数据类型。
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The reason for pulling this out is, what you're going to see is, that in most languages, all right, Python comes built-in with something that will check your static, sorry, your syntax for you.
讲这些的原因在于，你们将要看到的是，在绝大部分语言中，好的，Python中带着一些,会检查你的static的东西，抱歉，是你的语法。
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One is that languages all share some deep and intricate universals.
其一是,所有语言都共享,一些深层且复杂的共性
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