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So if we add them all up, there should be no net charge on the molecule, if the molecule is neutral.
因此如果我们把它们都加起来，这个分子上应该没有净电荷，如果这个分子是中性的话。
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The center of excess negative charge on all of the dipoles is at the very center of the molecule.
多出来的键,的负电荷中心都集中在,分子的正中间。
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He could divide all of that by the absolute value of the charge of the positive particle, all over the mass of the positive particle.
他可以把这整个,除以正电粒子的,电荷绝对值除以，正电粒子的质量。
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I love this because I would go around to all these angel investors 0 and VCs and charge them $5 or $50 to show them my new idea.
我喜欢这个成果,因为这样我就能四处拜访天使投资者,和风险资本家，收取他们5或50美元的费用0,向他们展示我的新想法。
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Hear, O Israel! Yahweh is our God, Yahweh alone. You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. Take to heart these instructions with which I charge you this day.
以色列啊！你要听：耶和华我们神是独一的主你要尽心,尽性，尽力爱耶和华你的神,我今日所吩咐你的话都要记在心上。
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He is, after all, on trial for his life, for the charge of impiety.
他可是在接受生死攸关的审判，罪名是亵渎神明。
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And let's say our second electron now is really far away, such that it's actually not going to shield any of the nuclear charge at all from that first electron.
距离原子核非常非常近,我们说第二个电子处于非常远的位置,这样它不会对第一个电子,感受到的来自原子核的电荷量有任何屏蔽作用,我们最后要说的是。
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All right. So let's try one more example of drawing Lewis structures before we talk about formal charge.
好，让我们在讲形式电荷之前,再给一个例子画一下路易斯结构。
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OK, so all I do is I take into account that I've got all the positive charge, whatever it is, it's a nucleus.
我做的全部是考虑,我得到所有的正电荷，无论是什么，都是一个核。
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This was my first glance at plum pudding, and I guess you can see that this must be that positive part -- most of the plums are within that, and you can see all these little raisins or plums in here, that would be that negative charge.
我想你们可以，看到着一定是正电部分,大部分的李子,都在这里面，你们也可以看到,这些小的葡萄干或李子，这就是负电荷。
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And this spin is an intrinsic quality of the electron, it's a property that is intrinsic in all particles, just like we would say mass is intrinsic or charge is intrinsic.
自旋是电子的本征量，它是所有粒子的本征性质，就像我们说质量是本征的或者电荷是本征的。
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All right. So formal charge can actually help us out when we're trying to decide between several Lewis structures that look like they might be comparable in terms of which might be the lower energy or the more stable structure.
好的，形式电荷真的可以,帮助我们决定,在几种路易斯结构中,哪个更可能符合能量更低,或者结构更稳定的要求。
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So we can do this for any final charge we have, if we have a molecule that has a charge of plus 2, then all of the formal charges should add up to plus 2 and so on.
对于任意净电荷的情况,我们都可以这样做，比如假设我们有一个带两个正电荷的分子，那么所有的形式电荷加起来应该等于正二，等等。
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So even if we strip an atom of all of its electrons, we still have that same amount of positive charge in the nucleus.
所以即使把一个原子的所有电子都拿走,原子核还是带那么多的正电。
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So if we have total +2 and complete shielding -1 where that can actually negate a full positive charge, because remember our nucleus is plus 2, +1 one of the electrons is minus 1, so if it totally blocks it, all we would have left from the nucleus is an effective charge of plus 1.
抵消一个完全的正电荷,因为记住我们的原子核是,其中一个电子是,所以如果它完全挡住了它，我们从原子核中留下的，全部有效电荷就是，所以，在我们的第一个例子中,我们的第一种极端情况。
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It's always a good first approximation, because you need to start somewhere in terms of drawing Lewis structures, but then if you go and figure out the formal charge and you just have lots of charge separation or very high charges, like a plus 2 and a minus 2 and a minus 1 all different places in the atom, what it should tell you is maybe there's a better structure.
它总是一个好的第一近似，因为在画路易斯结构的时候,你总需要一个起点，但是如果你在算出形式电荷之后,发现有很多电荷分开了,或者说有很高的电荷，比如有一个正二，一个负二，还有一个负一1,在原子的各个地方，这应该就是在告诉你,或许还有一个更好的路易斯结构。
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So, f c, I think you all know is formal charge.
那么，FC，我想大家都知道这是形式电荷。
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