is the concept of man as a heroic being, with his own happiness as the moral purpose of his life, with productive achievement as his noblest activity, and reason as his only absolute."

VOA: special.2010.06.06

Categorical moral reasoning locates morality in certain absolute moral requirements, certain categorical duties and rights, regardless of the consequences.

绝对主义道德推理认为,是否道德取决于特定的绝对道德准则，取决于绝对明确的义务与权利，而不管后果如何。

耶鲁公开课 - 公正课程节选

They were very often associated with blind forces of nature with no intrinsic moral character, he says. And the god of Israel was understood to transcend nature and his will was not only absolute, it was absolutely good and moral.

他们与自然的力量相关,没有内在的品德，而以色列的上帝,被认为是超越自然地存在，他的意愿不仅是绝对的，而且是绝对正确和道德的。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选