For example,a W.H.O.statement urged nations not to close their borders or limit trade and travel.

VOA: special.2009.07.14

So, I just want to write a few examples down with a few values for delta u or delta H or delta S, and see whether we can get any clues from what we see.

我先写一些例子,例子包含一些内能，自由焓和熵的变化数值，然后看从中,我们能不能得到一些启示。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So I show that here, so in green, you have what's called a carboxcylic acid group, a c o o h, which gets converted by s o c l 2 to a c double bond o c l or an acid chloride.

我在这里用绿色表示，我们所说的羧酸族化合物，碳，氧，氧，氢，它被亚硫酰氯转化为,一个碳氧双键与碳氯单键组成的酰氯。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So here are results for pathway A, right, for delta u zero delta H zero. I didn't actually explicitly write it or did I?

这是路径A的结果，△U是零,△H是零，我没有明确地写出来,是吧？让我们把它再写一遍？

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So if you're working with cyanide in the lab as potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide, those are what are called p h s's, it's a rating for different kinds of chemicals.

因此如果你在实验室中,需要用到氰化物，比如氰化钾或者氰化钠，这就是所谓的，“P，H，S“,这是化学药品有害程度的一个级别。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

In some sense, that's one reason to associate this as a kind of energy, H just like mechanical energy u or enthalpy H, it's the minimum free energy state that is the equilibrium state under the relevant conditions.

在某种意义下，这是我们把这些物理量称为能量的原因，就像机械能U和自由焓，具有最小自由能的状态在特定的条件下,就是平衡态。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选