OK. So we should be able to figure this out for any orbital that we're discussing, and when we can figure out especially radial nodes, we have a good head start on going ahead and thinking about drawing radial probability distributions.

我们可以将这种方法,用于任何轨道，当我们可以算出有多少个径向节点的时候，我们就为画出径向概率分布,开了个好头。

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But Ian Hacking, being a good historian, thought that someone must have had some concept of probability going before even if they didn't quote it as a number the way-- it must have been in their head or in their idea.

但是这位优秀的历史学家伊恩·哈金认为,一定有人在更早时候就用过概率这个概念,即便他们没有用数字来表述,但他们一定有过类似的想法

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So, that can be a little bit confusing for us to think about, and when it's a very good question you might, in fact, say well, maybe there's not zero probability here, maybe it's just this teeny, teeny, tiny number, and in fact, sometimes an electron can get through, it's just very low probability so that's why we never really see it.

这想起来有点令人困惑，你们可能会说也许，这里的概率并不是严格的为零，而是非常非常小，所以有时电子就可以穿过去，这是个,很好的想法。

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