so I'm heating up the system in this path here, and then to connect the 2 endpoints here, a constant temperature path.
需要再用,一个等温过程,这两个状态。
Path number 3 is a constant temperature path, and I already wrote the answer.
它是一个等温过程,我已经写出了答案。
Well that process of control to maintain a constant environment inside our body, whether it's an environment of constant mass or constant composition, or constant temperature, is called homeostasis.
这个控制过程维持着,体内环境的恒定,不论是内环境中物质的量的稳定,或者成分的稳定,或温度的稳定,这种状态叫做内稳态
To ask questions like how much heat is released in a chemical reaction that takes place at constant temperature.
当我们想要知道,当一个化学反应在恒定的温度下发生时,会放出多少热量时。
It's a state function, so we're at constant temperature and pressure, and now we want to consider some chemical change or a phase transition or you name it.
这就是态函数,我们处于恒定的温度和压强之下,然后考虑某些化学变化或者相变,或者你想考虑的东西。
So now we have a constant volume reversible temperature change.
所以现在我们有一个,等体,可逆的温度变化。
And so, again, we see a temperature increase, and we know the work, and the temperature increase, it's a constant pressure thing.
好,我们看到温度升高了,然后我们有做功量和温度的升高量,这是一个恒定压力下的值。
dS/dV And that, now, we know must equal dS/dV, with a positive sign. At constant temperature.
我们知道这个等于恒定温度下的,符号为正。
The heat-added, temperature, and this is a proportionality constant.
这是热,这是温度,这是比例常数。
There is a heat bath here that keeps the temperature constant.
这里有一个热库,来保持温度不变。
The purpose here is to look at a series of processes in which temperature is held constant, and we're going to calculate how much work we get from allowing a gas to expand under various conditions.
目的是让大家了解一下,几个保持温度不变的过程,然后我们将计算,气体在不同膨胀过程中,的对外做功。
We discovered that the quantity dA, under conditions of constant volume and temperature, dA TS And A is u minus TS.
我们发现在恒定的体积和温度下,亥姆赫兹自由能的变化,小于零,is,less,than,zero。,亥姆赫兹自由能A等于内能u减去。
And so now we have this quantity, p times v bar, and the limit of p goes to zero is equal to a constant times the temperature.
不仅仅对氢气或氮气适用,在p趋于0的极限下,它适用于任何气体。
What is dH/dT as a function, keeping pressure constant, what is dH/dp, keeping temperature constant?
恒定时偏H偏T是什么,温度恒定时的偏H偏p又是什么呢?,好的,让我们解决第一个问题?
Let's say we start from some V1 and p1 here, so high pressure, small volume and we end up with a high volume low pressure, under constant temperature condition.
例如我们要从压强比较高,体积比较小V1,p1出发,到达低压强,大体积的末态,过程中温度不变。
pV Also A plus pV and G is minimized at equilibrium with constant temperature and pressure.
同时等于亥姆赫兹自由能A加上,同时在恒定的温度和压强下。
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