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They also used a new,lithium-ion battery that is expected to last longer than batteries in current hybrid cars.
VOA: special.2010.11.17
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Well, we would have to H+ have one of these hydrogen atoms go to an H plus, * plus an electron, right? **H --> H+ + e-** So, now we have a hydrogen ion here.
我们先要让,一个氢原子变成氢离子，加上一个电子，对么*,我们现在有一个氢离子了。
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And, this minimum here is what gives us the value of the inter-electrode separation, the inter-ion separation.
这个最小值就是,电极间距离的值，离子间距离的值。
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It can exist in - a gated ion channel - can exist in one or two states.
它们能够存在于,门控离子通道有一种或者两种状态
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The one that's on the top here is called ligand-gated ion channel and an ion channel is a protein that sits in the surface of a cell.
最上面的这个叫作配体门控离子通道,离子通道是一类位于细胞表面的蛋白
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In some cases it might be a ligand-gated ion channel.
有时受体可能是一个配体门控离子通道
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The cells that take an electrical signal, which is coming down your nerve and convert it into a muscle contraction work this way, so 'neuro' nerve, muscle junctions act based on ligand-gated ion channels.
依靠相同的工作原理,细胞将来自于神经的,电信号传递到细胞收缩肌中,所以神经和肌肉关节运动,都基于配体门控离子通道
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The balance of sodium movement relative to potassium movement changes because there's this resting movement of all these molecules anyway, but that balance changes dramatically when these ion - when these gated ion channels open.
钠钾各自运动始终保持动态的平衡,因为尽管在静息状态,所有这些离子也在运动,但是平衡的剧烈变化,只发生在这些门控离子通道打开的时侯
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When you add this whole thing up, -411kJ/mol it gives you a net of minus 411 kilojoules per mole or about 4 eV per ion pair.
当你全部加上时，得到净能量,或者是4eV每个离子对。
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It would generate an electrical signal because it would - you'd open the ion channel and you would ion fluxes and you would change the membrane potential in just the way I described for the action potential.
它会产生一个电信号,因为--,离子通道会打开,产生离子流,膜电位会改变,像我讲动作电位时那样
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It can also happen in other ways, it could be a G-protein coupled receptor which we talked about last time, which indirectly activates another ion channel to start the electrical signal.
还可以有其他方式,可以通过G蛋白偶联受体,这我们上次谈过,它可以间接激活,另一个离子通道以开启电信号
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