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Here is another one. This is also public stereotypes of blacks, proportion of white respondents endorsing each trait.
这一个也是对于黑人的公众刻板印象，认为黑人具有这样特征的白人的比例。
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the black people, they have very good clubs, the whites, they have...Asians, they have very good clubs.
黑人有很好的俱乐部；白人有……亚洲人也有很不错的俱乐部。
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In some ways the most distinctive literature America has is a kind of Southern literature, white and black.
在某种程度上,美国最有特点的文学,就是一种南方文学,关于白人和黑人
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The fact that white Americans favor white Americans over black Americans might be because of stereotypes but they also might be of in-group favoritism.
白人喜欢,白人，而不是黑人,可能是因为刻板印象,也可能是由于组内偏爱的心理。
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There is this social context of race relations whose grammar he is also learning, and I would just remind you of the passage where he starts to ask his mother about whether his granny is white or not.
一种来自家庭无可绘状的影响,当时社会的种族对立，对他学习的语言也有很深的影响,各位看一下当他问母亲,祖母是白人还是黑人？
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Black, White... It seems to be less of a, less of an issue.
黑人，白人……这些似乎没有人在意。
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The quote goes on: "As a race, the African is inferior to the white man.
他说道,"从人种这方面说,黑人比白人低劣
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You hear a scream from outside either from a black person or a white person.
你听到外面有人尖叫,或能是黑人，也可能是白人。
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JFK, when making the plea for equal rights, didn't produce an abstract philosophical argument but rather tried to invite his listeners who were white to engage in perspective taking.
当肯尼迪呼吁实行平等权利时，他并没有提出抽象的哲学理由,而请求那些听他呼吁的白人,从黑人的角度进行思考。
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There are now dozens, probably hundreds, of studies that show that people who would otherwise show animosity towards one another, like blacks and whites in the United States, like each other more if they're brought together.
目前有几十个，甚至几百个研究,表明在不接触的情况下,互相憎恶的人，例如美国的黑人和白人，如果让他们发生接触，他们会更喜欢对方。
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And it turns out that this version people are slower at than the other version suggesting that their associations run one way and not the other.
结果发现在第二个实验中,人们比第一个实验时的反应要慢,这表明他们倾向于把白人和好词,把黑人和坏词联系一起，而不是反过来。
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There are plenty of pro-slavery writers who also, to some extent, whether out of guilt or out of awareness, saw slavery as wrong, but they saw it as a problem more for white people than for black people.
还有一些亲奴制的作者,在某种程度上,或不知廉耻或未曾意识到,他们错误地看待了奴隶制,他们更看重奴隶制对白人的影响,而不是对黑人种族本身的影响
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But when their recommendations are so-so, when it's a judgment call, the subjects are significantly more likely to hire the white American than the African American.
但如果他们的推荐信不是很好，这时就需要主观判断，实验对象雇用白人的几率,就会远远高于黑人。
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If these are the conditions for contact, to what extent are they met in the university setting between, say blacks and whites, people from the American South versus people from the American North, people from other countries versus people from the United States?
如果大学环境里有这些接触的条件，有多少是属于促成因素的？,例如在黑人和白人之间，来自美国南方的人,和来自美国北方的人之间，外国的学生,和美国的学生之间？
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What you don't know is that pictures of black faces or pictures of white faces are being flashed on the screen but they're being flashed on the screen subliminally so fast you don't even know you're seeing them.
但你不知道有一张黑人的照片,或者白人的照片在电脑上一闪而过,这是一张速闪照片，影响的是你的潜意识,快到你根本看不到它闪过。
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If you believe black men are criminals, then when you see a black man who is a criminal you'll chalk it down as support but you'll pay less attention to evidence that white men are criminals and some black men are not criminals.
如果你相信黑人都是罪犯，当你看到一个是罪犯的黑人时,你就会觉得这是证据,但你不会注意其他证据,证明白人也有罪犯,黑人也有不是罪犯的。
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So, we have stereotypes in our heads about men and women, about children, adolescents or adults, whites, blacks, Asians and so on.
所以我们有各种各样的刻板印象，对男人，对女人，对小孩，对青少年，对成年人，对白人，对黑人，对亚洲人等等。
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Their concern was not the conditions of blacks but what slavery did to whites; and usually they ended up in the same situation as Colcott Jones.
他们从不为黑人着想,而只关心奴隶对白人的影响,他们最终的下场都与考克特.琼斯一样
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That is "congruent," congruent according to a theory that says that people, both African Americans and white Americans, have biases to favor white Americans over African Americans.
这就是”一致“,与理论所说的一致,不管是黑人还是白人，都会偏向于白人，而不是黑人。
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So, African Americans also are biased against African Americans and in favor of white Americans, showing it doesn't reduce to group favoritism though that probably plays a big role.
所以黑人也是,对黑人有偏见,倾向于白人，这样表明组内偏爱,所起的影响并不大。
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African Americans show much the same effect as white Americans.
黑人也像白人一样,偏向于白人。
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Subordination to the white man is his normal condition.
黑人本来就应该服从白人的统治
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It is kind of haunting when you think it's only 1831 when he writes this, and that Civil War is still 30 years away: "Slavery brutalizes the black population and debilitates the white.
这段话在人们脑海中挥之不去,因为他写下这段话时才1831年,离开内战爆发还有30年时间,"奴隶制残害了黑人,也削弱了白人
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You're white, you're black, you're Asian.
你是白人，你是黑人，你是亚洲人。
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The test of this then is to have blind auditions where people do their auditions behind a screen so you can't tell whether they're man or a woman, or for that matter, white or black or Asian or whatever.
然后他们进行闭幕试演以作测试,演奏的人被一块屏风挡住,看不出演奏的是男人还是女人，或者白人还是黑人，亚洲人还是其他人。
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I mean, if you do the--If you look at the results for the study, it turns out that there is an association as bias to view white Americans as positive and African Americans as negative but it shows up in half a second difference.
如果你看这些研究的结果，你会发现人们有一种偏见,把白人和积极的意义联系在一起,把黑人与消极的意义联系在一起,你只有看这半秒的差别，才能发现这种偏见。
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