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What did you learn about how easy or hard it is to keep track of what food intake is?
你从记录食物摄入过程中,学到了什么,记录饮食是难是易
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Some of the eating clubs have really, really good food.
有些饮食俱乐部的食物真的很棒。
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So it's very easy for people to exceed dietary recommendations given what the modern food supply is.
在现代食物供给下,人们很容易就超过了建议饮食标准
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Are people eating too much of everything, or are they eating too much of certain things?
人们是饮食总量过剩,还是部分食物摄入过剩
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In order to have a completely balanced diet that's completely plant based, one has to be very careful about having a wide array of foods.
为了形成一个完全以素食为主的,平衡饮食结构,你必须非常注意,广泛摄入各类食物
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The people who write about food history have called these things superfoods, not necessarily because they're super rich in all nutrients, but because they were super available.
那些写饮食史的人,将这些称之为超级食物,不一定是因为它们富含所有营养物质,而是因为它们随处可见
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These then became the objects of trade, of commerce, and of course of human diets and these had nutritional implications for people in different parts of the world.
这些随后成为了交易品和商品,当然,也成为了人们的日常饮食,对于来自世界不同地方的人们,这些食物都是有营养方面的考虑的
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What better mimics modern human conditions than fat, than sugar, and variety?
除了讨论脂肪,糖,和混合食物,怎样才能更好地模拟现代人的饮食情况呢
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If you eat food for a long time and then you stop, let's say a high sugar diet or something and withdrawal symptoms occur, well that might mean addiction is occurring.
如果你长期吃某种食物,一旦停止食用,例如高糖饮食之类,就会出现戒断反应,这也许说明你已经上瘾了
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The current pyramid makes the diet look like this.
目前的食物金字塔是这样划分饮食的
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They're the ones who would seek out high fat, high sugar diets because then they would get calories to seek out a variety of food, to eat in--eat above what immediate hunger might dictate.
这些人追求高脂高糖饮食,以获得足够能量,继而寻找更多种食物,饥饿驱使他们吃可以迅速果腹的食品
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She was in Washington spending some time when the first food guide pyramid and dietary guidelines when being developed and she talks about that experience and how much impact the food industry had on this.
她曾在华盛顿待过一段时间,正值食物金字塔的最初版,和饮食指南被提出之时,她谈到了那段时期的一些相关经历,以及食品行业对该研究的影响有多大
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This graph shows some of it as well, but in this case for children, in the left hand side you see the ideal composition of the diet according to government recommendations that the diet should be partitioned in this way.
这个图表也揭示了一些类似的事实,不过是在儿童饮食中的情况,在左边你看到的是理想的饮食组合,按照政府的推荐食谱,食物应该这样搭配
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There are other things that would qualify as food, but the not too much of course has to do with over-- intake of certain nutrients, the calories; and then eating mostly plants tends to be a pretty good idea.
辣奇多绝对不能算作食物,至于"适量饮食"则应参考,某些营养素及热量的摄入量,而"植物为主"是一条非常好的建议
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Now the first the eat food: well he has a long discussion, and as you'll know from the book, about what is food?
他做了大篇幅关于饮食的讨论,你可以从书中了解到,什么是食物
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Well, the only way you know is to do studies-- and we'll talk about how these are done in the next class-- linking dietary behavior, food intake with health.
了解这些的唯一方法是做研究,而在下一节课,我们会谈论具体过程,联系饮食习惯,食物摄入与健康
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And so what people should eat, and what people think they are eating, and what they actually eat is really much different, and that leads to all kinds of problems.
所以人类的健康饮食摄入量,和他们自认为食物摄入量,和人类实际摄入量有巨大差别,这导致了各种问题
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Some people can fight the brain off in this case, and control their food intake, maintain a healthy diet, and maintain a normal weight, but the number of such people in the population is shrinking by the day.
有些人可以抵制大脑的控制,控制食物的摄入量,维持健康饮食 保持正常体重,而今,这类人的数量日益减少
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Now when I asked you to start keeping the dietary records, I asked you not necessarily to change your food intake because we wanted you to have an accurate record of what you typically ate.
当我让你自己保留饮食记录,我告诉你没有必要改自己的食物摄入记录,因为我们想获得准确数据,关于你一般吃什么
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We'll talk about whether food can promote health; of course it can if done right, and we'll talk about the specific properties of food that promote good health and what can be done to increase the opportunity of food to improve the public's health in a national and international way.
我们将讨论食物是否能促进健康,当然,适当的饮食能促进健康,我们还将讨论健康食品的特殊性质,以及我们如何,通过食物来提高,全国乃至全世界公众的健康水平
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