They're derived from a precursor called triacylglyceride, which is as glycerol molecule with three fatty acid chains dangling off of it.

它们来源于一种叫三酰甘油的前体,由甘油分子上连接了,三个脂肪酸链构成

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It's phosphate, carbon, carbon, carbon, phosphate, carbon, carbon, carbon, phosphate and it has this structure hanging off the side.

就是磷酸基与戊糖的碳反复连接,如此循环往复,这种结构构成了主链的一边

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So what's going to form the backbone is this continual link, phosphate to sugar, phosphate to sugar, phosphate to sugar, all linked together to form one long, long molecule.

主链是由这样重复的连接构成的,从磷酸到戊糖,周而复始,所有这些连接起来构成一个长链分子

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This represents the upright struts on a ladder that I showed you before, it represents this backbone that's shown by - that's formed by polymerizing the pentose's together through phosphate's always going 5' to 3', 5' to 3'.

线条代表梯子,上下的支柱 之前给你们演示过,代表由多聚戊糖分子,通过磷酸基从5'端向3'端方向,连接起来的主链

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That there are two colors per strut, so what's linking the two backbones together are two colored segments that come from the outside towards the middle, and that the colors occur only in certain combinations, red and green, yellow and blue, that's all you see.

每个梯阶有两个颜色,主链是由,两种不同颜色的片段由外向内连接起来的,这些颜色仅以某种特定方式配对,红连接绿,黄连接蓝,大家都能看到

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It's the phosphate and the pentose that make up the backbone - that make up the upright struts of the ladder and it's the bases that make up the connecting struts, so the bases are the colors.

磷酸基和戊糖,共同构成了主链,主链又构成了梯子上下的支柱,而碱基,则构成连接支柱的梯阶,碱基是用各种颜色表示的

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If I wanted to link another nucleotide to this DNA chain what would I attach here on the bottom?

如果想把另一核苷酸连接到这条DNA链,我将会在DNA链末端添加什么

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They also have binding sites for antigen, but they are sort of two IgG type molecules bound together by another peptide chain.

同样IgA抗体表面也有与抗原结合位点,但它们就像两个IgG型分子,通过肽链相互连接

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This is - what this diagram shows you is-- the forces that hold these individual strands of DNA into a double stranded form.

你们可以看看这个图表,演示了连接两条DNA长链为双螺旋,结构的化学力

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That tells you something about the physical chemistry of the molecule; that it's these hydrogen bonds that hold the double strands and I can break those down under certain conditions.

我们从中可以知道一些,DNA分子的理化特点,双链是由氢键连接在一起,在一定条件下这些氢键可以断裂

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