Here is an example that shows some very, very metallic elements, groups one and two, and some non-metallic elements over here, five, six and seven.

举个例子,这个例子表明金属元素，第一族和第二族，与一些非金属元素,在这里，第五族，第六族，和第七族。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

That is metallic sodium that would keep in kerosene so it doesn't react with the oxygen in the air.

金属钠应该保存在没有中,这样它就不会和空气中的氧气反应了。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

But their shields are made of wicker and they don't have that kind of metal body armor and all that stuff.

而他们的盾是用藤条做的,同时他们也没有金属装甲和其他护具

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

They're studying practical things like marble work, and metal work, and copper work, and not just shipbuilding.

他们学习一些实用的东西,比如大理石打磨,金属冶炼和铜器制造,并且不仅仅是造船术

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

So, if we want to go from that stable state to that less stable state, we need to put in a certain amount of energy to our system, that difference between the free electron and the electron bound to the metal.

所以，如果我们想使电子,从稳态到达不够稳定的状态，我们需要引入一定数量的,能量到系统中，即自由电子和束缚于金属的,电子的能量差。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Lastly, up here, is a picture of a much smaller device, this is actually an artificial heart valve that is made of plastics and metal and can replace the valve inside your heart.

最后,在上面这里,这张图片是一个相对较小的装置,这实际上是一个人工心脏瓣膜,由塑料和金属制成,可以取代人的心脏瓣膜

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, if we're going to go to the moon, we're going to go to Mars,we want to be able to produce oxygen, structural metals and photovoltaic materials from in situ resources.

如果我们要去月球上，我们要去火星上，我们则必须要制造,氧气，结构金属和光电材料,就在原地制造。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

And, this is all that was known at that time, seven metals, carbon, and sulfur.

这是当时所知道的了，7种金属，碳，和硫磺。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

I'm interested in nonaqueous electrochemistry, so molten salts and polymers, the applied research. First of all, interested in environmentally sound technologies for extraction, refining, recycling of metals.

我对非水溶剂电化学感兴趣，还有熔盐和聚合物，以及应用性研究，首先，对环保型技术提取感兴趣,如金属的提取和精炼，以及循环回收。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, for example, here we're showing rubidium and potassium and sodium plotted where we're plotting the frequency -- that's the frequency of that light that's coming into the metal versus the kinetic energy of the electron that's ejected from the surface of the metal.

让大家看来都是可以理解的事情,就是把不同金属的观测结果,画到一张图里面来，例如这里,我们展示的是钠，钾,铷的频率-这是照射金属的光的频率,和金属表面出射电子动能的关系。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We started with just the seven metals and carbon plus sulfur, it was the point of departure for Democritus.

我们开始讲了7种金属,还有碳和硫磺，那就是Democritus的起点。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

And there is a relationship here, and that is that the number of photons absorbed by the metal are related to the number of electrons ejected from the metal. So, in this figure here what I'm actually showing is these little sunshines, which let's say are each one individual photon.

这里有一个关系是，被金属吸收的光子,和被金属逐出的电子是相关的,所以，我展示的这个图,是这些小太阳，我们这里代指每一个独立的光子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Yet, they wanted to get clean and so what device they used was to take oil, typically olive oil, spread it on themselves, then get a scrapper, a metal scrapper, and scrap off the oil with it what was underneath the oil.

当他们想要保持清洁时,他们所使用的东西就是油,通常是橄榄油,把橄榄油抹在身上,然后拿一个刮板,金属刮板,把污垢和油一起刮下来

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

So, my final example is from Alan Davidson's lab, and Alan is an inorganic chemist -- he loved those transition metals and they're unique properties, and he designed this compound, it's called Cardiolite, Cardiolite and it's used in heart imaging.

最后一个例子是Alan，Davidson实验室，他是个无机化学家-,他喜欢研究过渡金属,和它们的奇特性质，他设计了这种化合物，叫做。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, when the value of the average valence electron energy lies between 11 eV and 13 eV, we have these elements that are neither fish nor fowl, and you'll see in a little bit their unique electrical properties.

所以，当平均价电子能,在11eV到13eV之间时，这些元素介于金属和非金属之间，你们将进一步,看到它们独特的电性质。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选