Here's a hoplite standing like this, and when he comes into contact with the opposing army, he will presumably strike down in this way.

这儿有个重步兵这样站着,当在战场中遭遇敌人时,他应该会这样刺下去

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

If you use hoplites, your state will be, what he calls a Politea, a moderate regime.

以重步兵作为主力的,一定是宪制城邦,一种折衷的政体

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

The Persian infantry did not have heavy armor, they did not have that kind of a shield, they had wicker shields; fortunately, we have vase paintings that show us Persians.

波斯步兵没有重装甲,他们没有那种盾,他们只有藤条盾,很幸运,我们找到了展示波斯人图景的花瓶

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

The style of warfare that emerges in this period, apparently for the first time, is what we call the hoplite phalanx and each half of that needs to be explained.

显然,这个时期第一次出现了,一种独特的战争形式,那就是重步兵方阵,我来给大家分别解释下这两个词

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

So that is what we mean by the hoplite phalanx.

这就是我们所说的重步兵方阵的含义

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Now, get into your hoplite stance, left foot forward.

好的,大家摆好重步兵的姿势,左脚在前

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

So seriously, you fortunate Yalies, that they will be here on April 9 and 10 of 2008, an international conference on the subject of the hoplite phalanx and the emergence of the city state.

你们这些幸运的耶鲁学生们,2008年4月9日到10日将会看到,关于重步兵方阵和城邦起源话题的,国际会议

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Although I don't quite understand--I should say, there's many things about how the fighting went on which we can only attempt to imagine because we just don't have films of ancient hoplite battles, I'm sorry to say.

虽然我有时也很困惑,比如说,战场上瞬息万变,情况非常复杂,由于没有古代重步兵白刃战的影像资料,我们只能猜想战场上发生了什么,真的是很遗憾

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Here's one, "It is clear that the emergence of the hoplite was only the beginning of a lengthy process which certainly lasted more than a century, and may have lasted more than two centuries, leading to the creation of a close ordered hoplites only phalanx.

他说道,"很显然重装步兵的出现,仅仅是漫长战争史的开端,持续了多达一个世纪,甚至可能超过两个世纪,漫长的战争造就了列阵严整的重步兵方阵

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选