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through the exercise of political responsibility, which means responsibility for and oversight of one's fellow citizens and the common good.
仅有透过政治责任的运作才能获得，那责任意谓着,看顾某人的同邦公民,及公共利益。
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It is not on his behalf, he tells the audience, but yours, his fellow citizens' that he does what he does.
而他告诉听众那不是从他自身出发，而是为了众人─他的同邦公民',他才挺身为其答辩。
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Suppose Archie Bunker were Jacques Derrida, and Jacques Derrida came along and said, "What is the differance?"
假设阿齐，邦克是雅克，德里达，雅克，德里达走过来说，区别在哪“
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Okay, so this gives you some idea of the range of possible relationships between colony and mother city.
好了,那么这就使你们,对殖民地与母邦之间的关系,有了一定的了解
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I taught at Cornell before Yale, and my assistant was a woman named Bonnie at Cornell.
在耶鲁工作之前,我在康奈尔授课,那时我的助手是一个叫邦妮的女士
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And we learned how to prove the Pythagorean Theorem in Euclidean geometry, starting with the various axioms in Euclidean geometry, ba, ba-ba, ba-ba, ba-ba, ba bum.
我们都学习过,欧几里得几何中对勾股定理的证明方法,从繁杂的欧氏几何的公理开始,邦,邦邦,邦邦,邦邦
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Our brain has got all that stuff coming in there and we're probably focusing a lot on the bass and "Boom, boom, " the tuba that's playing there.
我们的大脑收集了所有听到的信息,而且可能更专注与低音部分,以及大号发出的"邦 邦"声
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And so, what happens is that he goes to war in the summer of 1870, without any allies, against Prussia and its South German allies, and he thinks he's going to win.
因此,战争在一八七零年夏天爆发,法军孤立无援,单独对抗普鲁士及其南德诸邦盟友,他自认为必胜无疑
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bug If you find a bug, it probably means there bug are more of them. So you ought to be bug a little bit careful. The story I've heard told is you're at somebody's house for dinner, and you're sitting at the dining room table, then you hear a .
对不对？你得修复这个,如果你发现了一个,可能就意味着还有更多的,因此你应该小心点，我听说的一个故事，是当你在别人家吃饭的时候，你坐在餐桌上呢，然后听到了邦的一声响。
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And what is true of individuals is also true for collective entities, collective nouns like states and cities.
适用于个人的真理,也同样适用于集体的实体，集体的名词，像是城与邦。
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In the original city when they had to get permission to form a colony, what group of people was it that they gave permission?
在母邦里当他们要获得许可,开拓殖民地时,他们是要从哪一群体中得到许可
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Arkay Debunker But there are cases--suppose Archie Bunker were Arkay Debunker.
但是也有另外的情况，假设阿齐，邦克是。
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The question is who gave permission for a colony to go in the mother city.
你问的是,在母邦是谁批准建立殖民地的
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So there is a harp, making its melodious harmonious sounds, and then you take an ax to the harp, bang bang bang, chop chop chop, or a hammer whatever.
假设这有一个竖琴,发出悦耳和谐的声音，然后你拿起一把斧子，梆梆邦，砍砍砍，或者拿一把锤子。
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This is not something he has chosen to do.
他并未选择进行为邦民答辩。
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No Augustinian cities of God.
也没有奥古斯丁式的神邦。
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So you can see why it would be very natural for all sorts of ties to unite these colony and mother city.
因此你们就能理解,是什么把殖民地和母邦自然地联系在一起
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From the earliest times, Corcyra does not get along with the mother city of Corinth.
最早的时候克基拉与,母邦科林斯的关系并不好
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What do you call that "Boom" At the end?
你们管结尾的那"邦"的一声叫什么
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One of the things you kind of speculate about, and wonder about, why did some cities send out lots of colonies, some cities send out only a few, and others none at all for quite a while.
也许你感到疑惑的一件事是,为什么有些母邦派出了大量移民,另一些只有一些移民,还有其他母邦在很长时间根本没向外移民呢
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First of all, it was normal for the apoikia to turn to the mother city for help, and it was normal for the mother city to be inclined to help if they could do it.
首先,迁徙地,向它的母邦求助很正常,而且,母城能力允许的条件下,给予援助也很正常
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From where we sit, it looks like the Corinthians were making a gesture of solidarity, the kind of thing you would expect a mother city to do, not to ignore its apoikia when it was in trouble.
在我们看来,科林斯人似乎做出了友好团结之态,这是我们期望母邦会做的,没有对困境中的迁徙地置之不顾
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So, you didn't know at the beginning, you knew you were enrolled in the trial, they gave you a shot, you didn't know whether you were part of the real group that got the test vaccine or the placebo group that got the control; turned out that Bonnie was part of the control group.
一开始你可能不清楚全过程,你只知道你参与了一项试验,他们给你打了一针,你不知道你是属于接种了,试验疫苗的真实试验组,还是属于被注射了安慰剂的空白对照组,结果显示,邦妮属于对照组
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Trust can only be extended to a fairly small circle of friends and fellow citizens.
信任只能延伸到,一个极小的,朋友圈子及同邦公民。
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They feel like their relatives, and what could be more natural.
顺其自然,他们也对母邦有所归属
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It is not a regime like ours devoted to maximizing individual liberties, but it is one that puts the education of its citizens, the education of its members, as its highest duty.
那不像我们的政体,只专注于极大化个人自由，而是一个,将公民教育，邦内成员教育，视为最高责任的理想国。
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He tells his fellows citizens, right, that their lives are not worth living, only the examined life is worth living and you are not living examined lives therefore your life cannot possibly have any value to it.
他告诉邦民们，说他们的生命不值得活，仅有经过反省的人生才值得,因为你未过着经反省的人生,所以你的生命,不可能会有任何价值。
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We do know, again, Thucydides is our source, that it was customary for colonies to send representatives back to the mother city for the religious observations that were common to them all, so that those create good feelings.
修昔底德的著作里提到,殖民地派遣代表回母邦,参与宗教仪式是他们的习俗,所以这使彼此间有了好感
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He will have to do the recruiting of people that come with him on the colony; he will have to do the constitutional discussion and a political discussion to gain the sanction from the mother city to allow him to do everything he knows.
他需要招募很多人手,来帮助他去建立殖民地,他的提案必须通过立宪讨论和政治会议,这样母邦才能许可,他才能建立殖民地
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