And this was experimentally validated, hopefully, even more clearly than our experiment here.
而且这是通过实验验证的,比我们这里的实验更为清楚。
So, in fact, yes, we did confirm that these covalent bond, at least in the case of hydrogen, we have confirmed by the numbers that we are at a lower energy state when we talk about the bonded atom versus the individual atom.
因此,事实上,是的,我们证实了共价键,至少在氢这种情况下,我们通过数据证实了,成键的原子处于能量更低的状态,当其与单个的原子相对比时。
Each one of those electrodes allows us to measure, we plot voltage verses time, ? this signal coming from the tip of that electrode. Ok?
我们通过每个这样的电极都可以设计一种测量方法,我们设计电压比时间,这一信号源于电极的一端,对吧?
There's also commercial real estate, which is smaller than owner-occupied homes, but we own that indirectly too, as a people, through the stocks that we own and through the institutions we participate in.
除此之外还有商业地产市场,它比自有住房市场要小,但人们也可以间接持有商业房产,人们可以通过持有股份,及参加一些机构的方式来持有商业地产
Or in many kinds of gas refrigerators where you push a gas through a nozzle close to room temperature, what you find is that the gas coming out on the other side under lower pressure is cooler than the gas that went through on the other side.
或者在很多种压缩气体式冰箱中,你让气体通过接近室温的管口,你会发现从压力低的一边,出来的气体比通过,另一边的气体更冷,真正的冰箱实际上通过。
I would've thought, given the evidence of what Bogdanovich says in that documentary, for instance, if the 4 to 5 minutes has not been cut, it might have been better than Citizen Kane, and maybe one of the few greatest movies that he ever made, maybe the greatest movie, who knows.
举个例子,通过博格达诺维奇,在纪录片中的讲述,如果那45分钟,没有被剪,它可能会比,《公民凯恩》要好,也可能是,他最好的几部电影之一,也可能是最好的,谁知道呢。
That is the whole triumph of calculus is to know that by looking at the position now, the position slightly later and taking the ratio and bringing later as close as possible to right now, we define a quantity that we can say is the velocity at this instant.
这就得靠微积分了,通过了解它现在的位置,和一小段时间以后的位置,计算它们的比,再让时间间隔尽可能缩短,我们就定义了一个,被我们称之为瞬时速度的物理量
So basically what I'm going to do here is I'm going to set my price to equal his price, minus a little bit, I'll just undercut him a little bit and by just undercutting him a little bit, I'm going to get the whole of the market and I'll make as much money as I can on those sales.
所以基本上我要做的是,设定我的价格等于他的价格,减去一点点,我的价格将仅仅比他的低一点点,并且通过比他的价格低一点点,我将占领整个市场,那些销售带给我尽可能多的钱
And so it's an understandable ploy on Milton's part that he needs to vilify Shakespeare by identifying that great poet, his older contemporary, with Comus.
所以就弥尔顿而言,是一个可理解的事,他需要通过认同那伟大的诗句来贬低莎士比亚,用Comus来压倒比他年纪较大的同时代人。
As you can see, part of the reason why the dividend-earnings ratio-- especially in more recent years, since 1990-- has been declining is that corporations were trying to somewhat ease the tax burden on their shareholders by doing repurchase instead of dividend.
可以看出,股利收益比降低的部分原因,尤其是在近些年,从1990年起,有所降低的原因是,公司想通过将分红,改为股票回购的方法,多少减轻股东的税负
for the most part, if stocks have done much better if you've bought them at a point that looks cheap on that graph than one that looks expensive.
如果你做得很糟糕的话-多半情况下,you've,done,poorly,if—,如果你通过市场曲线图,在看上去比另外一个时间点便宜的时候买进它们,而股票又表现得非常好。
And the reason is simply because the energy that Z we gain in terms of moving up in z, 5 so from going to z equals 4 to z equals 5, -- is actually outweighed by the energy it takes to go into this new shell, to go into this new sub shell.
原因很简单,就是因为我们通过提升,所得到的能量--从,Z,等于,4,到,Z,等于,事实上比填充到这个新的壳层,新的亚壳层,所消耗的能量更多。
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