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And it's always going to come down to calculating the appropriate free energy, and how it changes in the process.
这总是涉及到计算,适当的自由能，以及这些自由能在过程中如何变化。
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So as you know, it's very liberal, so. I don't know. That's what I would say.
你也知道，这里非常自由。这就是我想说的意思。
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It's a freedom that, of course, Parliament had pushed for, but now that they've got it there is some misgiving.
当然，这是一种议会推崇的自由，但是现在他们得到的只是疑虑。
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I want to just go over the requirements of the course that really are required, not the optional piece, just so that you understand what my purpose is pedagogically.
我只想跟大家回顾一下,这门课程的必须要求，并非可以自由选择的,这样你们会理解我的目的何在。
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I can't dispose of my life or my liberty or my property in a way that violates my rights.
我不能放弃自己的生命或自由或财产,因为某种程度上说，这侵犯了我的权利。
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So I can in a very straightforward way say, OK, well, here is my Helmholtz free energy.
所以我可以很直接的说，这就是我的亥姆赫兹自由能。
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There are philosophers who have said we certainly believe that we've got free will, but it's an illusion.
有这样一些哲学家,他们说,我们确实相信自己有自由意志,但这只是一种错觉
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And you think that's because our constitution that protects it? I mean do you think... I think to a very considerable extent, it is.
你觉得这要归功于我们宪法,对言论自由的保护？还是说。,我觉得在一定程度上是的。
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Liberty, in other words, for the ancients was not just a property of the individual.
但对他们而言,自由不包含私有财产这一概念。
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When you walk through that door, it's an act of free will.
当你走进这个门的时候，这是自由意志的选择。
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This is ambition for a career, but it's also a desire for personal autonomy. For Frost, poetry is invested with a longing for autonomy in, well, both simple and complex senses.
这是事业心，也是一种,个人自由的渴望，对他来说，诗歌是,结合了自由的渴望，呈现出一种既简单又复杂的感觉。
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There's another argument descartes could have made that's a lot less subtle than the ones he did make, which is "That thing responsible for free will and love and consciousness?
笛卡尔本可以指出一个,比他所举论据,更为巧妙的论据,也就是,"这东西会是引起自由意志,爱恋,与意识的原因吗
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But other people, in fact probably a larger percentage, default to the top option here: that these are personal health issues rather then public health issues; that people are making choices about what they eat, if they make bad choices it's their fault.
不过另一些人,确切说是很大一部分人,把问题归咎于以上几个选项,这是个人健康问题而不是公共健康问题,人们自由选择想吃的东西,即使做了不正确的选择也是他们自己的错
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And yeah, it's a, you know, it's a very free place, you know,
是，这是个很自由的地方，
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Then once you've got those two numbers, they're no longer free parameters; they're concrete numbers, maybe 5 and 9.
一旦你知道这两个量,它们就不再是自由参量了,它们是具体的数值,可能是5或9
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and so at the same time limits the free play within the structure.
所以这局限了结构内的自由游戏。
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He's taken it from somebody else, ; and in doing so I think he's doing this deliberately; he's exposing some of the darker ironies behind his own literary ambition.
但他从别人那里借用了这个说法，他的做法让我认为他是故意这么做的;,他这是在他自己自由意志的背后,表现一些尖刻的讽刺。
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This one turns out to be the heat capacity, and this one turns out to be something that we measure in the Joule-free expansion.
其实，这就是热容，这是焦耳自由膨胀实验中,我们要测量的物理量。
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One of the most remarkable things about this text is that it's invariably the soaring, libertarian rhetoric that we end up noting, that we end up remembering, and that sticks with us.
这文章中最值得注意的一点是,这不断激增的翱翔的自由的修辞，让我们，最终注意到最终记住，最终永不会忘记。
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I would even say the necessary and inevitable conflict between the freedom of the mind and the requirements of political life.
我甚至会说，这是必需,且无可避免的冲突，介于,思想自由与政治生活条件之间。
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God's forbidding of the fruit removes from Adam and Eve any capacity for choosing and deciding, and you can see Milton worrying in Areopagitica about the uneasy relationship of his own argument to this central text in divine scripture.
上帝对果实的禁止抽离了亚当和夏娃选择和决定的,能力，你会看到弥尔顿在《论出版自由》中的焦急,因为这不安的关系,他的论证和虔诚的圣典中的中心段落。
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This represents the free electron.
这就是自由电子。
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So here is the difference between locke and the libertarians.
这就是洛克与自由主义者之间的区别。
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All right. That's the argument from free will.
这就是从自由意志得出的论证
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I've gone through a series of such arguments, and the one that we ended with last time was the suggestion that we need to believe in the existence of a soul in order to explain the fact that we've got free will.
我已经讲过一系列这样的论证,上次课结束时我提到的一个论证认为,我们只有相信灵魂存在,才能解释我们拥有自由意志这一事实
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And that shows us that H is written naturally as a function of entropy and pressure.
这证明自由焓H很自然的可以写成,熵和压强的函数。
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This is the pulsating vehicle for his precious theology of free will and for his politics of liberty.
这是他宝贵的自由意志神学观点和,推崇自由的政治主张的充满活力的载体。
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The fact that we've got free will is something that most of us take for granted about ourselves.
我们拥有自由意志这一事实,被大多数人认为理所应当
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Now, how many agree with that argument, agree with the libertarian argument that redistribution for the sake of trying to help the poor is wrong?
有多少人同意自由主义者的这一驳论，认为为了帮助穷人,进行财富再分配不对？
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For me, that's the context for all of this.
对我来说，这就是美国言论自由的背景。
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