In the absence of that, the states have actually taken action, over the past, maybe 5, 10 years
在这种法律空缺的情况下,各个州在过去的五到十年间已经采取了行动,
In many passages too Yahweh is represented as presiding over a counsel of gods. Certainly in the Psalms we have these sort of poetic and metaphoric descriptions where God is, "Okay guys, what do you think?" presiding--or he's one of them, actually.
在很多文章里,耶和华,统领着整个神界的法律,在《诗篇》中,我们能看到这种类型的诗歌或隐喻,上帝会是这样的:,“嘿伙计们,感觉怎么样?“,甚至和众神打成一片。
The goal was to stop stuff like this, to try to create a legal framework in which states could resolve their kind of differences without kind of butchering each other.
他这么做的目的就是为了终结这种战乱的状况,并且试图创建一个法律体系,各国可以通过这个体系,而不是相互残杀来解决分歧
The question is, why does Socrates exhibit such proud defiance and independence of the laws in the Apology, and such total, even kind of mouse-like, acquiescence to the laws in the Crito?
问题是,为何苏格拉底一方面展现了自豪的反抗,及独立于法律之外如同《自辩篇》所载,但这种绝对性,却化为鼠辈般,默认了全部的法律,一如《克里托篇》所载?
Oftentimes particularly when religion is involved, it's not enforcement.
有时候,尤其是宗教也参与其中时,这种法律并非一种强制的实施。
But this raises, I think, the central or a central point about Socratic citizenship or Socrates' view of citizenship, this kind of principled disobedience to the law, something like Thoreau's model of civil disobedience.
但这产生了,一个中心的观点,关于苏格拉底式的公民社会,或是苏格拉底对公民社会的看法,这种原则性的反抗法律,有点像梭罗的,公民反抗模式。
Now, you might look at that formulation, the state of war is one against--of all against all and you might say that such a condition of civil war, of maximum insecurity, of the total breakdown of condition of rules and laws is if anything the state of the exception.
现在,你可以看一下那个构想,抗一切人的状态,你可能会说这种,内战,最大安全感,法律规范全面崩溃的状态,实质上是一种异常状态。
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