Normally, we do these things to keep an equilibrium among the different systems of the unconscious, but sometimes it doesn't work.
一般来说,我们会运用这些机制,去维持无意识系统的平衡,但有时防御机制也会不起作用。
I think it may be just the function of the way those agencies are run.
可能是这些公司运营方式的作用。
And one bit of evidence that these genes are implicated is that some unfortunate people have point mutations in these genes.
证明这些基因起作用的一些证据,是这些基因会在某些不幸的人身上,发生点突变
Remember that these cells are relatively large compared to bacteria and so diffusion doesn't occur very quickly over this length scale.
要知道这些细胞相对细菌而言,还是比较大的,扩散作用在这种尺度上,发生得不是那么快
Now, the purpose of this exercise is to give you a little bit of practice in figuring out what these quantities are.
就有这样的结论,这个练习的作用时让你们理解,这些物理量是什么。
However that may be, no question about it, there was contact, interaction,and influence.
不论怎样,毫无疑问,这些文明相互交流,相互作用,相互影响
The failure of the assumptions in many different industries can create systemic effects.
这些假定的失败,在很多行业都能产生系统性作用
This is exactly what cultivating strength, this is exactly what these characteristics do.
这就是培养的力量,正是这些因素的作用。
Then you might worry about what's the relevant metaphysical glue for cars.
你可能会担心这些形而上的,部件对汽车来说有什么作用。
Those models are not going to work anymore.
这些模型就不在起作用了。
I took my role to sniff that out, and to make sure the president heard 2 and 4 on an important issue, and was able to make the decision himself.
我的作用就是发现这些,保证总统可以听到2和4这两个观点4,在一些重要问题上,然后他能自己做决定。
I've got to find them by experimenting, by putting other bodies and seeing how they react and then finding out what's the force that acts on a body when it's placed in this or that situation.
我得通过实验找出这些力,我会增加其它物体,观察其反应,求出当它处在这种或者那种情况下时,作用在物体上的力
Now, it raises lots of interesting issues if a company does that and then boasts about it on the packaging or in marketing, because then people could overestimate how good those products are for them, so a lot of consumer education has to be done.
现在如果一个公司改进之后,在其包装,或市场上大肆宣扬,会引发许多争议,因为人们可能因此高估了,这些食品对其健康起到的作用,可见消费者应该对此有更多了解
There are corollaries for those ideas in terms of the kinds of effects that literature has and what we might imagine ourselves to conclude from them.
这些想法,都带来一些必然的结果,有关文学的作用,以及我们想象自己能从中得出的结论。
So, what he did was kind of impose a quantum mechanical model, not a full one, just the idea that those energy levels were quantized on to the classical picture of an atom that has a discreet orbit.
还不是完整的,只是这些能级,是量子化的概念,作用到原子有分立轨道的经典原子模型上,当他做了一些计算后,他得到有个半径,他算出来。
So you can actually say, how do I know which methods are associated with the class? For that, we can call dir. And what it does, is it gives me back a listing of all the things, dir all the methods, that are associated with it.
我们开始建立类了,我们得到了这些方法,因此实际上你可以说,我怎么知道,哪些方法是关联与这些类的?,为了解决这个问题,我们可以调用,这个方法的作用。
We're going to take these general topics and talk about how they work in the nervous system and the immune system next time.
在下节课我会讲这些内容以及,配体-受体系统在神经系统和,免疫系统中的作用原理
These chemicals are known as neurotransmitters and they affect the dendrites.
这些化学物质被称为神经递质,它们会作用于树突上
Now, So, you have these maps in your head but the thing to realize is— And these maps are part of your cortex, but the things to realize is that's an important part of what goes on in your brain but less than one quarter of the cortex contains these maps or projection areas.
你的脑袋里存在着这些定位图,但你们会发现,这些定位图是你大脑皮层的一部分,但你们会发现,这是在你的大脑活动中,起到重要作用的一部分大脑皮层,不过只有不到四分之一的大脑皮层,存在这些定位图或是投射区
So, it interacts with receptors called insulin receptors that are on cells that are sensitive to insulin.
它与细胞表面胰岛素受体相互作用,这些细胞对胰岛素很敏感
I mean, you could say, well that means the options are really working well because it really motivated the managers and they did something and made the company worth more.
我的意思是,你可以说,这是因为股票期权激励机制起作用了,因为它的确激励了经理们,这些经理为之付出努力并使公司市值更高
Enzymes work best, enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions and our bodies operate by elaborate networks of chemical reactions, When we're off from that temperature then they don't work properly.
举酶这个例子再好不过,酶是一种具有催化作用的蛋白质,人体依靠精密复杂的化学反应网络来运转,如果我们体温与之相差较大,这些酶就不能正常工作
Well, the endocrine system is a body organ system that is specialized in producing these kinds of signals that are used - that accumulate in the blood and are used by cells all over the body.
内分泌系统是一种,作用于周身各器官的系统,它专门产生这些有用的信号,这些信号在血液中聚集,全身各处的细胞都可利用
Where they going to be?
这些平民又能起到多大作用呢?
When you've got a view about cause and effect that works this way-- for everything that happens, there's some earlier thing that caused it to happen such that given that earlier cause, the event had to follow-- that's a deterministic picture.
当你认为因和果,是以这种方式互相作用的,对于所发生的一切,总有些事先发生,然后它们导致这些事发生,于是一旦给定了前因,这些后果必定会接着发生,这是一个决定论的图景
That is a new part of India's economy, and to the extent that by globalization, one needs more foreign investment and increased connection to foreign trade they are playing a role but India's economy growth is largely being driven by internal investments.
那也是印度经济,新的组成部分,从某种层面来说,由于全球化,经济发展需要,吸引更多外资,促进外贸,这些因素确实起了作用,但印度经济增长大部分还是靠,国内投资。
The findings of classical conditioning have been extended and replicated in all sorts of animals including crabs, fish, cockroaches and so on.
经典条件作用在所有的动物研究中,都得到了扩展和重复,这些动物包括了螃蟹,鱼类,蟑螂等。
All of the molecules are called hormones, so a hormone is another name for a ligand that operates in this endocrine fashion.
这些分子都叫做激素,那么激素就是在内分泌系统中,起作用的配体的另一种叫法
He just said whenever there's an acceleration, it's going to be due to some forces and it's your job to find what the forces are.
他只说过只要有加速度,就说明有力的作用,你们的任务是要找出这些力
That's a very dispersed system but it still works because member banks keep deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks and they're required to keep these deposits.
这是一个非常分散的系统,但是它还是能起到很好的作用因为会员银行,在联邦储备银行里付保证金,并且它们被要求付这些保证金。
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