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So that's a big help. And equilibrium happens when there isn't any possible change of state that would satisfy this.
这个非常方便，当所有的变化,都无法满足这个公式的时候,系统就达到了平衡。
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Now for this experiment, this is a constant enthalpy experiment for the Joule-Thomson experiment, this is equal to zero.
对于这个实验，焦耳-汤姆逊实验,是一个焓不变的实验,焓变化等于0，所以我可以。
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How does that happen? You know, you've got to appeal to social forces if you're going to talk about change.
这是怎么回事？,谈到这个变化,我们必须要理解社会中的力量。
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And then I say, oh you know I've used lists all over this program. I'll bet this isn't the only place where I've made this mistake.
变化引起的边缘效应，然后我的意思是,你知道的我在这个程序中一直都在用数组,我敢打赌我犯了这种错不止一次。
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So if we have a negative change in energy for any reaction as it's written, what that actually means is we're giving off energy as the reaction proceeds.
如果我们像这里写的这样,在任何一个反应过后，得，到的能量变化为负值,这就意味着我们在这个过程中放出了能量。
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sort of takes the cyclicality out of earnings and you can see over history how that multiple has varied.
一定程度上在收益上避免了周期性的,而且你可以看到随着历史的进程,这个倍数发生了多大的变化。
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I became fascinated with the idea that the PC could really change a lot of things.
我深深地着迷于,个人电脑可以带来很多变化这个想法。
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The next slide shows the farm, same farm and its surroundings in 1998, so you can see that a lot has happened here.
接下来这张幻灯片展示的,是1998年的这个农场的周边,你可以看到发生了很大的变化
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It's interesting that the human rights idea is a concept that continues to evolve? -It does.
这挺有趣的,“人权“这个概念一直处于变化之中，-的确。
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So, let's first go with the attractive because you know this already.
我们先看一下引力的变化,因为你们已经知道这个了。
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This is one of the kinds of differences that develop that happens during development and cells somehow know where they are within this developing asymmetrical organism.
这是发育过程中,发生的一种变化,而且细胞似乎知道它们,在这个非对称发育生物体中的位置
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So now in this problem, we can do something slightly different, and let's use this expression here,and I will do that, then I'll stop for today.
对于这个问题,我们可以稍微做点变化,让我们用这个式子,就是这样,今天就讲到到这里
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The truth of the matter is if you look at the technology industry, there's always a few big guys, some medium size guys, lots of small guys, and the names are always changing because the industry is so darn dynamic, and there's so much new stuff being invented.
真相是，如果你回首科技行业，人总会分为三六九等，耳熟能详的名字总在变化,因为这个行业发展实在太快了，有如此多的新事物被发明出来。
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We don't know how the change came about or if--some people question if they ever really did have kings, but the picture I want you to have is that's not the tradition.
我们不知道这个变化是怎么发生的,如果...有人质疑如果他们真的有过国王,不过这里我想告诉你们的是,他们没有这样的传统
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It's a fast-changing industry.
这个行业也在变化。
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I'm not sure how much this gonna be covered in the course, but I'm very interested in the way films are recieved by audience and the shock value that film can have be acceptable in film and through time how it changes.
我不知道这门课,会多大程度上和这个话题相关，但是我对此,电影被观众接受的方式和带给观众的冲击,和电影是如何随着时间不断变化的,很感兴趣。
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And in this context, the length of that array is stored in Arg C. Well, let's take a look at a slight variance of this that reveals further what we can do and reveals what a string really is.
关于这点，那个数组的长度被存储在ArgC中,好的，让我们看看这个轻微的变化,那个揭示了我们可以做的,和字符串实际上是什么。
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So now let's go around the cycle and just compare notes on what happens to the thermodynamic quantities as we do that.
现在让我们推导一下这个循环,比较一下这个过程中,热力学性质的变化。
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And we saw that in fact in this case delta S of mixing, we calculated it, saw that it is positive.
实际上如果我们计算气体混合过程中,熵的变化，我们会发现这个量是正的。
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And you already saw last time there was this relationship between the temperature and volume changes along an adiabatic path.
是条绝热路径，而上次你已经看到,沿着绝热路径温度和体积,的变化有这个关系。
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The equilibrium state is the one, and it's just one, in which there are no spontaneous changes that can take place to any other state.
平衡态是一个，而且仅仅是一个态，这个态不会发生自发变化,变成其他的态。
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All right. If the derivative is small, it's not changing, maybe want to take a larger step, but let's not worry about that all right?
好，如果导数很小的话，函数就基本没什么变化,可能我们就想把步子迈大一点儿了,但是别为这个担心？
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And the change in energy for this reaction is negative 349 kilojoules per mole.
然后得到这个过程的能量变化为,负的，349，千焦每摩尔。
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We're going to try and figure out how the price should change.
我们将要尝试去弄明白,这个价格会怎么变化。
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The way that the cell experience it is through some sort of biochemical changes.
细胞发生某种生物化学变化,以完成这个过程
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And what happened is, over a 30-year or so period, the industry really shifted to be one where industry standards started to come into play, the customers started to have a bigger role.
经过了30年左右，这个行业发生了变化,出现了产业标准，消费者的角色也越来越重要。
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What if you could take just a pump that's capable of continuously administering insulin at various rates and connect it to a sensor that's able to continuously measure the sugar level in your blood?
如果我们安装一个泵,能够持续的动态控制胰岛素输出,并把这个泵连接到一个,持续监测体内血糖水平的变化的传感器上
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That's what's already happening.
事实上这个变化正在进行。
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That ratio may have been higher in the nineteenth century; it's gradually trending down, but it's a slow-moving thing.
在19世纪这个比率要高一些,然后逐渐下降,但这是个缓慢变化的过程
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there that we want to highlight. In particular, -- notice-- let me highlight it for you, if I can find it with the wrong glasses on-- we've got these return commands.
这里还有一些我们要引起注意的变化，特别是注意这个，让我给你们强调一下-,看看我能不能戴着这副度数不对的眼镜。
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