It happens through a very regulated, coordinated slow process of what is called differentiation.

这是通过一种严格协调调控的过程完成的,这个过程我们称为细胞分化

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This is called dissociation.

这个过程称为分离。

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Now, that rapid rise is called depolarization and the membrane is said to be in a depolarized state because it's less polarized or less negatively charged repolarized as negatively charged.

这个迅速上升过程称为去极化,我们称膜处于去极化状态,因为膜的极化程度降低了,或者说是带的负电减少了,而复极化就代表重新带上负电荷

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选