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So in any case, hermeneutics is devoted to the discovery of meaning and the art that it's concerned with is the art of interpretation.
所以解释学注重研究内容,并且将它和语言的应用相联系。
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Well, if I had the option, I would really like to go to grad school for linguistics.
如果可以选择的话，我真的很想去读语言学的研究生。
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As I read, pay attention to the degree to which he's constantly talking about language and about the way in which he himself is inserted into language.
听了我读的这段话，请注意,他不断说到语言,以及他自己对语言研究和注意的程度。
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Again, this is a right-handed centric thing but if you're right-handed, language on the left, math and music on the right.
重申一遍,这是以右利手为基础的研究结论,如果你是右利手,那么语言功能便定位于左半球,而数学运算与音乐则定位于右半球
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But really it's the study of... it's like linguistics as applied to older languages, so
但它其实是研究……它像运用于更古老的语言的语言学，所以
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Well, I am a Linguistics major, so I do a lot of research and kind of focus a lot of my studies on acquiring language.
我是语言学专业的，所以做了很多专注于语言习得的研究。
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Yeah, I've been able to just figure out just the nature of the language.
我曾经研究过语言的本质。
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How is learning different languages important to the field that you're studying?
学习不同的语言对你研究的领域有多大重要性？
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and then applying it to the study of linguistics.
然后利用它来研究语言学。
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The study of Linguistics is the study of language
语言学是研究语言的学科,
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Why, then, should we not study the acquisition of a cognitive structure like language more or less as we study some complex bodily organ?
我们为什么不应当,像研究某些复杂身体器官那样,去或多或少地研究,像语言这样的认知结构的习得
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All of these systems we can call "languages," and "language"--that is to say, the words that we use when we speak to each other is one of those systems.
这种系统我们称为语言“,也就是说，是关于我们说话用语的研究,关于那个系统的研究。
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The study of human language has been the battleground over different theories of human nature.
人类语言的研究,是各种人性理论的重要领域
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In fact, language is sufficiently interesting that, unlike most other things I'll talk about in this class, there is an entier field devoted to this study the field of linguistics that is entirely devoted to studying the nuances and structures of different languages.
事实上,语言是非常有意思的,与本门课上探讨的其他主题不同,对它的研究形成了一个完整的专业,即语言学专业,这个专业致力于研究各种语言的,细微差异及其结构
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Well, the claim that language is part of human nature is supported by neurological studies, some of which were referred to in the chapters on the brain that you read earlier that talk about dedicated parts of the brain that work for language.
语言是人类本性的一部分的这个观点,得到了神经研究的支持,在之前大家阅读的关于大脑的章节中,对专门负责语言功能脑区的探讨,就描述了其中的一些研究
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where I was looking primarily at old English poetry and English philology
我主要研究古代英国诗歌和英语语言学。
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I study speech, I study speeches, and if I do so, and if I keep thinking about it in a variety of ways, all sorts of frameworks jostle for attention.
我就必定要研究话语，如果我想要从尽可能多的角度研究它，那么各式各样的的语言结构令我眼花缭乱。
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And one reason we know this is because of the demonstrated case studies where a language is created within a single generation.
我们之所以这样认为,是因为有许多的个案研究,都证明了一代人之内是可以创造出语言的
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it's the study of how languages change over time.
它研究的是语言的历史变化。
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Linguists can work at different levels of abstraction with language.
根据不同层面的基本单位，语言学家有不同的研究。
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So, every philosopher or psychologist or humanist or neuroscientist who has ever thought about people has had to make some claim about the nature of language and how it works.
因此,无论是哲学家,心理学家,人类学家,还是神经系统学家,只要他们曾经研究过人类,便会就语言的特性及其功能提出某些理论
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More speculatively, there has been some fairly recent work studying the genetic basis of language, looking at the genes that are directly responsible for the capacity to learn and use language.
更具体的来说,一些最新的语言遗传基础研究,探查了直接影响语言学习,及使用能力的基因
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And that's the sort of thing linguists study.
这就是语言学家们所研究的内容
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So although the New Critics were fed up with philological criticism, I don't mean to be condescending toward it or to suggest that it didn't play a crucially important role in the evolution of literary studies.
所以，虽然新批判主义,对语言学批判主义不满，但是并不是要否认语言学批判主义,在文学研究发展过程中,起到的重要作用。
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So, take some standard examples from the linguistic study of English.
举一些英语语言学研究的典型案例
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If language can refer to just about everything from English to traffic signals, then we're not going to be able to find interesting generalizations or do good science about it.
如果语言能够表示一切,从英语到交通信号,那我们就无法得出各种有趣的概论,或是无法对语言进行科学的研究
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And this is what linguists do for a living so if you hear me talking about this and say, "I want to spend the next forty years of my life studying that," you should become a linguist.
这就是语言学家们研究的问题,如果你听了我的讲解然后说,"我想用我的余生来研究这些东西",那你该去做一个语言学家
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It could be the letter understood either graphically or audibly, and the variety of ways in which one can choose a basic unit in the study of linguistics means that you need a special word for that unit, which is characteristically "the tagmeme."
它既可以以图像的方式理解，也可以以声音的方式，因为每个人研究时选取的,基本的语言学单位不一样,所以需要一个特殊的名词来指代这个单位，这就是，法位“
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