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The work that goes on at the Center for Educational Computing Innovations really falls into three Different intersecting areas.
教育主动性计算机研究中心,的研究工作主要可以归为,三个不同的领域。
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Well, it turns out on most computers an address of the location and memory, aka a pointer, is itself 32 bits.
好的，它是一个计算机内存地址,或者说一个指针，占32位。
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So we've seen one example of this, this idea of walking through all the integers looking for the square root.
现在计算机速度很快了，我可以把这个数字设的更大点,计算机会去很快的做这个事情。
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And the answer is, unlike many, unlike commercially generated computers, the brain works through parallel processing, massively parallel distributed processing.
问题的答案是这样的,与出于商业目的而制造的计算机不同,大脑采用并行加工的方式处理信息,采用广泛分布的并行加工
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And I'm inclined to think, "Yes." In fact, I already suggested as much when I talked about the chess-playing computers.
我倾向于认为,有,实际上,当我在谈会下象棋计算机时,我已经暗示过很多次了
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So there are also an increasing number of women in computer science and particular this course which we are thrilled about.
所有有越来越多的女生对计算机,尤其是对我们这门课程感兴趣,我们很高兴看到这一情况。
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> In any case, that high school has like $10 million worth of computer equipment apparently in the front of it.
>，不管怎样，那个高中显然有,值1000万美元的计算机设备。
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And just as a fun aside, we also realized as computer scientists that sometimes technology is not the answer.
抛开趣味性不提，我们意识到作一个,计算机科学家来说技术,并不是我们要的最终答案。
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People tend to think, because the computer says it's so, it must be so. That the computer is- speaks for God. And therefore it's infallible.
那么一定就是这么回事了,他们认为计算机代表着神一样的存在-,因此是不可能犯错的。
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OK, and that leads now to an interesting question, which would be, "How do I build a mechanical process to capture that set of computations?"
好，现在出现了一个有趣的问题，就是“我怎么样才能建立计算机程序,去捕捉一系列的计算呢？
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One of the perhaps easiest ones to put your finger on is what if the computer is out of memory?
一个可能的情况是,计算机的内存不足？
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Well, the infinity mechanism, and many of you will be familiar with this from mathematics or computer science, is recursion.
这种无限机制是递归的,你们许多人会在数学与计算机科学中,熟悉这个词
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And the robot or the computer or what have you is just automatically, mechanically following the code commands of the program.
那些机器人,或叫做计算机等等,只是自动地,机械地执行程序的命令代码
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For the simple reason that the number of possible chess games is so huge, that computers can't calculate it.
原因很简单,棋局的潜在变数相当之大,以至于计算机根本无法将其完全计算出来
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It's 33, 32, it's only 32 times and you can check that math at home but here lies the power of algorithmic thinking, of computational thinking as they say.
你需要33，32，对，32次,你也可以在家里自己计算，但数学算法的力量是无穷的，这就是科学家们所谓的计算机思维。
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And so this, in fact, when you say your computer stores information as zeros and ones, A you've just typed the capital letter A, that's all that's going on inside.
事实上，当你说电脑以这些0与1进行信息存储时，你已经键入了大写字母，那就是在计算机内部发生的过程。
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But really, the computer's just so fast I'm drawing the same string with just a slightly different number again and again after going to sleep one second at a time.
但是真实地，这个计算机到现在为止,我一次又一次用稍微不同的数字,绘画了相同的字符串,在睡眠1秒钟之后。
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And then, finally, the last tactical skill that you're going to get out of this course is you're going to have the ability to map scientific problems into a computational frame.
接下来，你们将带着走出这个课堂的,最后一个技能是,你们将学会,把科学问题,转换进计算机的框架之内。
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You might remember vaguely logarithms from high school math and such but what this suggests for us , the computer scientists, is that this is certainly a smarter, a faster algorithm.
你可能还会依稀记得,高中数学里的对数,这就给了我们这些计算机科学家们，一些启示,即，这种算法更智能，更迅速。
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The process to control it is intriguing and interesting but the heart of the computer is simply this notion that we build our descriptions, our recipes, on a sequence of primitive instructions.
这个控制它的过程很耐人寻味，很有意思,但是计算机的核心仅仅只是,我们在初始指令序列上，建造描述、方法的一个概念罢了。
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It's just not possible to solve some of these problems by hand and this isn't even a domain that's necessarily into the world of CS but speaks to you the applicability of it all.
手工处理这些问题似乎有些不大可能,但这还不是,计算机科学要解决的主要问题,我们的目的只是为了告诉你它的用途。
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But we know already from week zero that computers ultimately represent all information with numbers, and if they want to represent letters inside memory, well what do they do or what do they use?
但是自从上周我们已经知道,计算机最终是用数字来表示所有的,信息，如果它们要描绘,在内存中的字母，它们该怎么做，用什么方式呢？
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Which is, answers can be wrong.
如果计算机显示是这样的。
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And they were kind enough to send us this magnetic tank which we'll call forth from the computer solutions to a series of problems that would occur on a simulated flight to the planet Saturn.
他们很友善，送给我们这个有磁性的水槽,用于计算机解决一系列,土星模拟飞行中,可能出现的问题。
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You cannot just tell the computer to enhance that or can you clean that up and then magically use zoom in not only on the image but also on the reflection of the victim in someone's eyeball.
你不能直接要求计算机增强,这张图片或者修复它,然后期待计算机很神奇地放大图片,以及死者的眼珠的反光。
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Like how can you possibly figure that out with actually compelling a machine to do it for you and sure enough we chatted for a few moments, I kind of gently pointed out well it's kind of like problem 7 last year.
就好像去逼计算机为你做这件事,就能解决问题一样,我们确实谈过这个问题，我委婉地告诉他,这种情况与我们去年讲过问题7类似。
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And I want to stress this, we're going to come back to it later on in the term, so the way I'd like you to think about it for now, is that somewhere in the machine, there's a big space that contains all possible values.
我想要强调一点，我们在晚些时候,还会回头来讲这一点，因此现在,我需要你们形成这么一个观点，就是在计算机的某处，有一个包含了所有可能值的,很大的空间，好。
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The chart you see here suggests that 72% of last year's students had zero prior computer science background.
这个图表显示的是%,去年修这门课的学生中,72％的人没有计算机方面的专业知识背景。
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As I said, our strategic goal, our tactical goals, are to help you think like a computer scientist.
如同我已经提过的，我们的关键目标和战略目标都是为了,帮助你像一个计算机科学家一样思考。
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Computers smart though they may be and intimidating though they may be, they cannot yet think for themselves.
计算机可能是智能的,也可能是可怕的，但计算机还不具备自我思考的能力。
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