What this is is learning the relationships between what you do and how successful or unsuccessful they are, learning what works and what doesn't.

操作性条件作用,是在学习行为与成功,或失败程度之间的关系，学习什么行为起作用,什么行为不起作用。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Hobbes believed, on the other hand, that the overriding human fact, the overriding motivation of human behavior, is largely negative, not the desire to do good, but the desire to avoid some evil.

另一方面，霍布斯认为，人类最主要的行为，人行为的最主要的动机，在很大程度上是负面的，并不是为了做善良的事，只不过是为了避免罪恶的发生。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

The fact that we don't behave in those other ways gives us some reason to believe that perhaps at some level we don't completely or fully or fundamentally believe we're going to die.

而我们并没有像他们一样的行为,说明了我们在某些或者根本程度上,没有完全相信自己会死亡。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

In other words, as the judge said, what's always moral isn't necessarily against the law and while I don't think that necessity justifies theft or murder or any illegal act, at some point your degree of necessity does, in fact, exonerate you from any guilt.

换言之，正如法官常说的，情有可原，未必不可法外容情,当然我不认为，一句情有可原,就能为盗窃，谋杀以及其他违法行为正名，但有时，情有可原的程度,确实可能法外容情，赦免你的罪行。

耶鲁公开课 - 公正课程节选

And, to some extent, these have been shaped by an adherence to behaviorist principles.

从某种程度上说，这些制度就是根据行为主义原则而建立的。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

And language is, to a large extent, where the action is.

很大程度上来说,语言就是行为

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Well,in the same way,if we could find some behavior on our part that calls out for explanation, that the best possible explanation would be that at some level we don't believe we're going to die, then we might say,look, this gives us some reason to think that we don't really believe we're going to die, even though we say we believe it.

同样，如果我们发现自己有些行为有待解释，这最好的解释可能就是,在某种程度上，我们不相信自己会死，然后我们说，看，这让我们有理由相信，我们并不相信我们会死，即使我们口头上说相信。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选