You've taken all the proteins inside the white of the egg, for example, you raise the temperature.

对蛋清部分所有的蛋白质,比如说进行加热

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

One can also purify parts of the protein, that is, parts of the virus, that is, "Do I really need to deliver the whole virus?"

人们还可以纯化部分蛋白质,也就是病毒的某些部分来制造疫苗,那么还需要接种完整的病毒吗

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

There are encoding regions called exons and those are interrupted by non-coding regions called introns.

编码蛋白质的部分叫外显子,外显子被不编码蛋白质的内含子打断

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

For now, just picture it in this simple way as a molecule, usually a protein, that's embedded in the cell membrane and many receptors have a part of them that is extracellular.

现在,我只把这种分子图示出来,受体通常是一种蛋白质,它们镶嵌在细胞膜上,很多受体还有部分结构露在细胞外

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

If the immune system recognizes only small pieces of the virus and mounts an immune response to that, how about if I just take these pieces of a virus like some structural subunit, some piece of protein and use that as a vaccine?

如果免疫系统识别出病毒的一小段,就可以诱发起免疫应答,那么如果我仅用一小部分病毒,比如一些结构性亚基 一些蛋白质的片段,来作为疫苗的话,会如何呢

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选