And finally, Barry Strauss says, "Ironically, the more Homer exaggerates, the more authentic he is as a representative of the Bronze Age."

最后,巴里·施特劳斯说道,"讽刺的是,荷马越是夸大其辞,他就越真实的代表了青铜时代的史实"

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

It doesn't really-- well, let me just say what the polis claims to do here in Homer.

这并不算...,我还是说说在荷马时代,城邦是如何阐明法律的

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Next time we'll take a look at the Dark Ages and the world of Homer.

下一节课我们会学习,黑暗时代和荷马所在的世界

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

It's not there in Homer. So that's one thing.

这在荷马时代是没有过的,这是一点

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

And so you will hear Homeric characters referred to by epithets, Homer, part of the technique of passing on oral poetry is by having epithets attached to the rulers to help with the meter.

你会发现有一些别称用来称呼荷马时代的人,荷马时代,口口传诵诗歌的技巧之一,就是在统治者名字后面加上别称,使之更押韵

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Was it the world in which tradition says Homer himself lived, the transition first to the Archaic and then to the Classical Period, the period in which we think about the dawn of the polis?

或是那个传说中荷马曾经生活的时代吗,那个时代先经历了古代的转变,而后到了古典主义时期,也就是我们所说的城邦萌芽的时期

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选