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You'll notice that a lot of different kinds medications do you have chlorine in them, you'll see that c l group.
你会注意到很多不同类型的药物都含有氯,你会看到这类氯。
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which has one part with a collection of things that have to do with medicine and being a doctor
这里有一部分的收藏品是关于药物和医生的，
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So just keep in mind when you do see the chlorine in these drugs, it's very different from the acid chloride.
因此只要记住当你在这些药物中发现氯的时候，它不会是酰氯就好了。
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There are two classes, two broad classes of drug sort of type ligands that are defined, agonists and antagonists.
这样的配体药物有两类,目前已经明确的配体药物大体上分为两种,分别是激动剂和拮抗剂
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Medication, of course, being a major theme of how we deal with certain disorders now, particularly depression and anxiety disorders.
药物治疗是我们如今,治疗某些障碍的主要方法，尤其是在治疗抑郁症和焦虑症的时候。
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some modern drugs, chemotherapy drugs, as well as certain antibiotics, are hazardous to our hearing.
现今的某些药物，化疗制剂以及抗生素，也危害着我们的听力，以上所说的实际是。
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I don't think it very relevant whether the death comes about because you withdraw life support, like a ventilator, or because you actually decide to end that child's life by giving the child a lethal injection.
我觉得这也与造成死亡的原因无关,无论是通过撤走维持生命的仪器，比如呼吸机，还是通过药物注射,结束孩子的生命。
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How can we prevent problems like depression or substance abuse or schizophrenia in young people who are genetically vulnerable or who live in worlds ? that nurture these problems?
怎样才能预防像抑郁症这样的心理问题,或年轻人中常出现的药物滥用或精神分裂症,谁天生敏感脆弱，谁又是,制造这些问题的人？
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so we are actually trying to develop a compound to treat a very severe form of autism,
我们想研究出某种能够治疗一种非常严重的自闭症的复合药物，
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He walks around with his wife, and he's, like, you know, medicated.
他和他的妻子走在一起，他看起来一直在接受药物治疗。
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There are people who are dying of diseases for which there are known cures because they don't have the best medicine, which are often not even expensive but they're living in such poverty.
有些人因疾病而死,而这些疾病是可以被治愈的,但是他们没有最好的药物,有些药甚至并不是很昂贵,但是他们实在生活太困窘了
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Because of course,if I haven't had it no wonder I don't remember it but if I have had it,I would have been given that temporary sort of localized amnesia So of course I wouldn't know whether or not I've had it So you ask the nurse ?" "Have I had the operation yet or not?"
因为如果没有手术,难怪我不记得了,但如果手术了，我会被给予那种,短时间的局部失忆药物,所以当然我不知道有没有做了,你就问护士,“我做手术了吗“
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Sometimes you can design drugs that act like a natural ligand without being the natural ligand.
有时你能设计具有天然配体功能的药物,但它不一定和天然配体相同
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But in terms of drugs that don't look like maybe this compound was used in the synthesis, many of them might have used thionyl chloride, because it generates such a nice reactive intermediate that you can go on and make a bunch of different compounds from that intermediate.
但是对于药物来说,它们可能跟合成过程中用到的这种化合物并不相像，很多药物的制造过程中都会用到亚硫酰氯，因为它能产生活性如此之高的反应中间体,以至于你可以继续利用反应中间体,来制造一堆不同类型的化合物。
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There are two sorts of ways you could fiddle with neurotransmitters, and correspondingly two sorts of drugs.
你可以通过两种方式来控制神经递质,相应地,也就有两种对应的药物
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Or in some cases they go to the dendrite of the neuron and they kind of put a paste over it so that the neurotransmitters can't connect.
有时这些药物会渗透到神经元的树突,这些药物就像是在树突上涂了一层涂料,使得神经递质无法将树突与轴突相连
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and if you design a drug that blocks estrogen interaction you stop growth.
如果能够设计一种药物阻断雌激素的作用,就能阻止细胞生长
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So, if you have panic attacks, say, it's true that drugs might make the panic attacks go away, but the panic attacks are actually not your real problem.
比如说，如果你患上了恐慌症，或许药物确实能够治疗恐慌症的症状，但是恐慌症的症状却并不是你真正的问题。
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The question was, " "Does--did Freud believe in medication?"
他的问题是，“弗洛伊德相信药物治疗吗“
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So what we can do then is for those schizophrenics that on typical neuleptics A we can actually switch them to the A typical neuleptics and run them under the same experiment again and look at what's happening.
我们接下来要做的是,对于那些服用典型药物的精神病患者,我们让他们转用药物,然后再对他们做相同的试验,来看看有什么变化。
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Yeah, it's an anti-psychotic drug, some people with bipolar disorder even today still take it, it works really well for some people, for other people it doesn't work so well.
没错，它是一种用来治疗精神疾病的药物，患有躁郁症的人至今仍在用它来治疗，它对一部分人效果很好，但对其他人却不是这样。
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So it's the work of biomedical engineers, really, to take these innovations make them so that everybody can take advantage of it.
这就是生物医学工程师的工作,将药物这样的科研成果转化为产品,让所有人都能用得上
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We banned that drug and I haven't heard anybody saying that that was a wrong decision, that we should allow pregnant women who want to sleep better to take a drug that will mean their children are born without limbs.
我们禁止了这种药物的使用，但我们从未听说,有人认为这是个错误的决定，也从未有人说，我们应该允许,失眠的孕妇使用这种药品,即使她们的孩子可能从出生就没有四肢。
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Another comparison for a meaningful drug screening essay, I would assume you would need 1 million cells that you could grow easily in a standard cell culture dish.
我们不妨再用一个,便于你理解的药物筛选试验来打个比方，假设正常情况下,一个标准细胞培养皿需要一百万个细胞。
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So nowadays they just pump you full of some drug to get you really happy and so you're really stoned out of your head, you're and say this isn't so bad.
所以现在他们让你服用大把的药物,让你飘飘欲仙,而你也因为吸食了毒品而变得神志不清，所以你会说，这方法还挺管用的。
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There's a whole class of antagonistic drugs that have been designed to influence your cardiovascular system.
现有一大类的拮抗剂类药物,全部是设计作用于心血管系统的
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Drugs like antibiotics, Penicillin, Erythromycin, again something else you probably all had experience with and you think well that's not Biomedical Engineering that's science, that's somebody discovering a molecule that kills microorganisms.
像抗生素,青霉素和红霉素这样的药物,你们都用过这些药,你不认为这属于生物医学工程的研究范围,而认为是科学的产物,科学家发现这种分子能够杀灭微生物
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And that's an engineering problem that we're going to talk a lot about, how to deliver drugs so that you get the action that you want, at the site that you want and not the toxicity.
这的确是一个工程学问题,我们马上就来讨论,如何把药物注射到你想要它起作用的部位,而不产生毒性
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The other pathway that I think is very promising is now to use stem cell generated cells in culture dishes to use them for high throughput drug screening now we can test thousands of different drugs without killing so many animals.
第二个目标的前景相当广阔,我们可以用干细胞,在培养皿中大量繁殖各种细胞,用于大剂量的药物试验,让你无需屠戮动物,就能进行各种药物试验。
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So controlling the dose is really important and that's going to turn out to be very important in cancer therapy because these are very potent drugs that will have bad effects in other sites and you want to localize them where they want, so we're going to talk about that.
控制药物剂量非常重要,特别是在癌症的治疗当中,这一点尤为重要,因为这些药物效力强大,会对其他部位产生不良影响,你不能使药物扩散到别的组织,这就是我们要讲的问题了
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