Part of that is that along with Northern Italy, the Netherlands and England/Great Britain have, by far, the most urbanized population in Europe.
部分原因是因为和意大利北部一样,荷兰和英国拥有,欧洲到目前为止最城市化的人群
But I think in Britain, although we are sort of part of Europe
但是,我想在英国,尽管我们是欧洲的一部分,
And which, in the case of England, the civil war was largely fought, to a great extent anyway, trying to prevent the English monarchy from taking on characteristics of those emerging absolute states on the continent.
其中之一是英国,[1648年的英国内战称之为 "英国资产阶级革命"],这在很大程度上,是为了阻止英国的君主制,转变为欧洲大陆上新兴的绝对主义
All of these central banks of Canada England Europe and Switzerland got together with the Federal Reserve and said--obviously they were worried about the financial crisis that was engulfing the world.
所有的这些中央银行,加拿大,英国,欧洲,瑞士,与联邦准备银行聚集到一起,说-明显的他们是担忧,现在正吞没整个世界的金融危机。
The English Civil War, the Thirty Years' War, in which in parts of central Europe a quarter of the population disappeared, were killed, murdered in ways that I will unfortunately show you in a while.
欧洲近四分之一人口,死于三十年战争和英国内战,稍后我会展示给你们看,我对此也很难过
First of all, it's not a coincidence that in both England and in the Dutch Republic you had, along with the city-states of Northern Italy, you had the largest percentage of middle-class population that you could find in Europe.
英国和荷兰共和国,以及北意大利的城邦,拥有全欧洲比例最大的中产阶级人群,这是有它的必然性的
We forget about the enormous trading vitality of Asia, even sea vitality and land vitality at the same time, but they are without any question by this point-- with the decline of the Spanish empire, which begins before this course-- the Dutch and the English.
我们先不考虑亚洲大量的贸易活动,包括同时的陆上和海上贸易,在十七世纪之前,随着西班牙帝国的衰退,欧洲最大的贸易实体,毫无疑问是荷兰和英国
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