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What is justice, we've been questioning asking ourselves throughout this book in which Plato has been,Socrates has been teasing us with.
正义为何，我们不断地自问,整本书柏拉图与苏格拉底,都在挑逗我们的问题。
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But that formula forces us to return to the original Socratic question about the harmony of the soul and the city.
但那个公式迫使我们回到,原始的苏格拉底式问题,即有关灵魂与城市的和谐。
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All that Simmias needs to cause problems for Socrates' argument is the claim that harmony is invisible and harmony can be destroyed.
西米亚斯为苏格拉底的论证,带来问题的只需要是,和声是无形的,但是可以毁灭。
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That's Socrates, that's the great message of Socrates He then said the trouble with human being is they have language and therefore they get confused.
这段话是苏格拉底说的，这就是苏格拉底的名言,他接着说人类的问题是,他们的语言会让他们迷惑。
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That seems to me to be in some ways the fundamental question that ?! the Apology asks us to consider. Okay?
那在我看来，从某个层面来说,是《苏格拉底自辩篇》,要我们思索的基本问题，好吗？
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It's a question that lingers and one might wonder whether Socrates ever successfully answers that question.
这是萦回不散的问题,有人可能要问,苏格拉底是否曾成功地,响应那个问题。
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And that's the crucial premise or some conclusion for the immortaility of the soul because then Socrates invites us to think about the soul.
而这些是得出灵魂不朽的,重要前提,因为苏格拉底接下来邀请我们,思考灵魂的问题。
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And there's another question which you would no doubt be concerned to discuss, namely what would such Socratically purified ? music and poetry look like?
而另一个,你们一定会想要讨论的问题是，何谓经苏格拉底纯化过的,音乐与诗学形式？
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This is in many ways for Socrates the fundamental political question of all times.
这在很多层面上对苏格拉底,都是基本的恒时政治问题。
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This always raises the question that you will discuss in your section, whether or not Socrates' censorship of poetry and the arts is an indication of his totalitarian impulses.
这一向会唤出,你们在讨论时间会遇到的问题，苏格拉底对诗学与艺术的审查,是否点出,他的极权念头。
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Is that speech for the law, with the laws, really intended for the benefit of Crito, rather than an expression ? of Socrates' deepest opinions about the questions of obligation and obedience?
那场为法律所讲，有关法律的对话，真的是要为克里托排解，而不是苏格拉底,最深层意见的表述,尤其是那些问题攸关义务与服从？
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The question is, why does Socrates exhibit such proud defiance and independence of the laws in the Apology, and such total, even kind of mouse-like, acquiescence to the laws in the Crito?
问题是，为何苏格拉底一方面展现了自豪的反抗,及独立于法律之外如同《自辩篇》所载，但这种绝对性，却化为鼠辈般，默认了全部的法律，一如《克里托篇》所载？
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And that's where human problems arise, Socrates says.
苏格拉底说,人类的问题就是这样产生的。
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That's the question I want us to consider again for next week as we finish the Apology ?! and move our way up to the Crito. Okay?
这是我希望大家在下周,结束《苏格拉底自辩篇》之前思考的问题,然后我们将进入《克里托篇》，好吗？
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But it gets back to the question, are the reasons Socrates gives Crito for refusing to escape, the reasons he puts in the mouth of the laws of the city of Athens, ? are those Socrates' true reasons?
但这带回到那个问题，到底苏格拉底给克里托,拒绝越狱的理由，他以雅典城邦法律立场,所说的理由，是苏格拉底真正的理由吗？
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So this is a question that I want to continue today, to consider what the trial of Socrates means and I want to begin by going back to a problem or a paradox that I ended the class with last time.
这就是我今天要继续的问题，考虑苏格拉底受审的意义,我想要先回到一个问题,一个悖论,也是我们上堂课所遗留的。
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Socrates introduces the problem of thumos by a story, a particularly vivid story that I hope you all remember, where in Book IV he tells the story about Leontius at the walls.
苏格拉底透过一个故事来导入，Thumos，的问题,一个特别生动的故事,我希望你们能都记下，在第，IV，册时,他告诉我们关于，Leontius，从墙外走来的故事。
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Socrates seems to be asking Polemarchus.
这是苏格拉底想对，Polemarchus，提问的问题。
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