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Robert Nozick, one of the libertarian philosophers we read for this course, puts it this way: Individuals have rights.
罗伯特·诺齐克，本课涉及到的一位自由主义哲学家,是这样说的：,个人有权利。
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So as you know, it's very liberal, so. I don't know. That's what I would say.
你也知道，这里非常自由。这就是我想说的意思。
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I can't dispose of my life or my liberty or my property in a way that violates my rights.
我不能放弃自己的生命或自由或财产,因为某种程度上说，这侵犯了我的权利。
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He says, "Therefore, don't be like me without the memory of that illusion.
他说：“因此不要像我一样失去了对自由的幻想。
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Everybody in the Civil War will say they're fighting for liberty.
参与内战的每一个人,都会说他们是为了自由而战
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To explain the fact that we've got free will, so the objection goes, we have to appeal to-- we have to posit--the existence of a soul, something non-physical, something more than purely physical.
要解释我们有自由意志这一事实,反驳者会说,我们不得不诉诸,或者假定灵魂存在,这里提到的灵魂是非物质并超出物质的东西
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We all have our version of trying to wrestle with this: if God knows what you're going to do tomorrow, to what extent does it make sense to say that what you do tomorrow you do freely?
我们都有自己试图解决这个问题的方式：,如果上帝压根儿就知道我们明天要做什么，那么，说着明天会自由的从事自己想做的事情,究竟又有什么意义呢？
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So I can in a very straightforward way say, OK, well, here is my Helmholtz free energy.
所以我可以很直接的说，这就是我的亥姆赫兹自由能。
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And you think that's because our constitution that protects it? I mean do you think... I think to a very considerable extent, it is.
你觉得这要归功于我们宪法,对言论自由的保护？还是说。,我觉得在一定程度上是的。
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The Corinthians are free; they will be violating no law or sacred bond if they say, sorry we really don't feel like doing that.
科林斯人可以自由选择,帮还是不帮,如果他们说对不起,我们不想帮忙,他们没有违反任何法律或某种神圣约束
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In a stunning admission, he says, listen to this, that "while nature may intend to distinguish the free man from the slave," he says, "the opposite often results.
听听这一段，精彩的坦承谈话，他说：，“虽然自然可能倾向于,将自由人从奴隶中区别出来，但常是事与愿违。
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And he talked about strong authority underplaying judicious liberty,for example.
比如他只说强大权威的好处,却避而不谈,自由权的明智
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Other people would argue, "No. A woman has full freedom over her own body and as long as a fetus is within the body they--she has a right to control it."
其他人可能会说，“不，女人有控制她们身体的自由,只要胎儿是在她体内,她就有权去控制它”
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You said you work for Freedom and Fashion. Could you tell us about it in detail?
你说你在“自由与时尚”工作。能跟我们详细说说吗？
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They come up with liberty and justice for all.
他们肯定会说自由，公正。
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I mean, it's always going to be Conservative, Labour, Lib Dem.
我是说，能掌控政权的总是保守党、工党和自由民主党。
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We don't refer--we have no reason to refer, - if we respect the autonomy of the poem as such, we don't refer-- we don't appeal to an authorial intention.
我们不能，我是说如果我们尊重，诗歌的意志自由的话，我们不能也没有理由-,为诗歌加上作者的意图。
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Well, what does the libertarian say?
自由主义者们怎么说？
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But remember, the libertarian theory says we can't just add up an aggregate preferences and satisfactions that way.
但是记住，自由主义理论说,我们不能那样,简单加总偏好和满足。
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There are philosophers who have said we certainly believe that we've got free will, but it's an illusion.
有这样一些哲学家,他们说,我们确实相信自己有自由意志,但这只是一种错觉
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Is it not palpably nearer the truth to say that no man was ever born free and that no two men were ever born equal?
是否应该说,没有人生来就是自由的,也不可能人人生下来都是平等的
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Even though God knew exactly what Adam and Eve would do -that they would eat the fruit -we still have to be able to say that they ate the fruit freely out of their own free will.
甚至可以说上帝完全了解亚当夏娃接下来要做的,-他们会去偷吃禁果,-我们还是可以这样说的,他们处于自由的想法之下，偷吃了禁果。
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What that's going to allow us to do is, if we say, OK I have a mixture of stuff, how does the free energy change?
我们能够说的是，如果我们有一份混合物，自由能怎么变化？
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He says the state of nature is a state of liberty.
他说自然状态就是一种自由状态。
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But this reading of the Apology as you might say is a kind of brief for freedom of expression and a warning against the dangers of censorship and persecution.
但阅读《苏格拉底自辩篇》，你可能会说,好似一种对言论自由的概述,还有对审查,及迫害危机的警告。
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The Athenians and the Romans," he says, "were free, that is they were free commonwealths, not that any particular man had the liberty to resist his own representative but that his representative had the liberty to resist or invade other people."
霍布斯说，希腊人和罗马人都是自由的，因为他们身在自由的共和国里，他们单独的个体,是没有自由反抗他所选的代表的,但他所选的代表,却有抵抗或是入侵他人的自由“
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Now, you may say this doesn't amount to a very limited government, and the libertarian may complain Locke is not such a terrific ally after all.
现在或许你会说，这并不算真正有限的政府，而自由主义者会抱怨洛克并不算他们的好盟友。
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It's a way to avoid the argument; although, for what it's worth, I should mention I don't myself believe that it's false that we have free will.
这是回避这条论证的一种方法,尽管这条论证有它自身的价值,应该说,我个人认为,人有自由意志,并没有错
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Libertarian say that's also a violation of the right to liberty.
自由主义者说，这也违反了个人的自由权。
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If we accept compatibilism, we'll be able to say, "Look, maybe we have free will and determinism is true of us; but for all that, we're still just purely physical systems."
如果我们接受相容主义,我们就能说,看啊,或许我们拥有自由意志,而决定论也适用于我们,但尽管如此,我们仍旧只是纯粹的物理系统
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