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Robert Nozick, one of the libertarian philosophers we read for this course, puts it this way: Individuals have rights.
罗伯特·诺齐克，本课涉及到的一位自由主义哲学家,是这样说的：,个人有权利。
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Toward the end of the discussion just now Victoria challenged the premise of this line of reasoning that's libertarian logic.
刚才，就在讨论即将结束之前,维多利亚质疑了,自由主义逻辑推理的前提。
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He called the North a, quote, "Happy state of mediocrity, a hardy race of free, independent republicans."
他说北方是,"快乐的平庸之地,这里住着一群自由独立的共和主义者"
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And yet for others, he opened the door to John Locke and the liberal theory of government.
对其他人而言，他却为洛克的思想,以及政府自由主义理论开创了先河。
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And there's a huge campaign against the Liberals,because of that.
也因为这件事情,兴起了大量反自由主义者的运动
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If we accept compatibilism, we'll be able to say, "Look, maybe we have free will and determinism is true of us; but for all that, we're still just purely physical systems."
如果我们接受相容主义,我们就能说,看啊,或许我们拥有自由意志,而决定论也适用于我们,但尽管如此,我们仍旧只是纯粹的物理系统
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Now, underlying the libertarian's case for the minimal state is a worry about coercion, but what's wrong with coercion?
在自由主义者的“小政府“概念中,隐含着对强迫的担忧，强迫有什么问题呢？
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Well, there are three things that most modern states do that on the libertarian theory of rights are illegitimate or unjust.
大部分当代政府所做的三种事,在自由主义理论看来是不合法,不公正的。
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Objection number one - and here I'll come down to - I wanna talk to team libertarian over here.
第一条反对，我先到下面去-,到这边来和自由主义队员对话。
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But we all know do we not that most contemporary political scientists tend to be liberals. Their values are liberal values.
但我们都知道，不是吗？最当代的,政治科学家倾向于是自由主义者,其价值观是自由主义的价值观。
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While team libertarian is gathering over there, let me just summarize the main objections that I've heard in class and on the website.
在自由主义之队正在集结之时，我来总结一下我在课堂上和网上所收到的,主要的反对意见。
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All right, I want to quickly get the response of the libertarian team to the last point.
好的，我想迅速了解一下，自由主义之队,对最后一个观点的回应。
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It's theft because, or at least, in my opinion and by the libertarian opinion he earned that money fairly and it belongs to him.
这是盗窃是因为，至少在我看来,在自由主义者的观点看来,他公平地取得收入，这些收入都是属于他的。
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Now, I want to get your reactions to this third feature of the libertarian view.
我想听听你们对,自由主义第三种观点的态度。
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So what does libertarianism say about the role of government or of the state?
自由主义对于政府或国家的角色,有什么看法呢？
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This raises a question. Whether the relation between contemporary political science and liberalism is merely accidental or whether there is some intrinsic some necessary connection between them.
这导出一个问题，当代政治科学,与自由主义的关系仅是偶然,或之间，有些本质的,一些必然的,连结介于两者之间。
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So Joe I would say, what would you call yourself, a compassionate quasi-libertarian?
乔，你会如何称呼自己，慈悲的自由主义者吗？
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On the face of it, Locke is a powerful ally of the libertarian.
表面上看，洛克是自由主义的强力盟友。
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Remember Michael Jordan, Bill Gates, the libertarian objection to taxation for redistribution?
迈克尔·乔丹，比尔·盖茨的例子中，自由主义反对通过征税进行财富再分配？
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So raise your hand if you are among the libertarians who's prepared to stand up for the theory and respond to the objections.
如果你是自由主义者，准备好站出来捍卫它,回应那些质疑,请举手。
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Other brave libertarians who are prepared to take on Yes, what's your name? - Julia Rotto.
还有没勇敢的自由主义者，准备应战,好，你叫什么名字，-朱莉娅·罗特。
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Redistribution is a - if you think about it, says the libertarian is a kind of coercion.
仔细想想，再分配这个概念，按自由主义者的话来说，就是强迫。
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Now, how many agree with that argument, agree with the libertarian argument that redistribution for the sake of trying to help the poor is wrong?
有多少人同意自由主义者的这一驳论，认为为了帮助穷人,进行财富再分配不对？
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Now, you may say this doesn't amount to a very limited government, and the libertarian may complain Locke is not such a terrific ally after all.
现在或许你会说，这并不算真正有限的政府，而自由主义者会抱怨洛克并不算他们的好盟友。
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For many today, Hobbes' conception of the Leviathan state is synonymous with anti-liberal absolutism.
对今天许多的学者而言,霍布斯在《利维坦》中的政治主张,就是反自由主义之专制主义的代名词。
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Libertarian say that's also a violation of the right to liberty.
自由主义者说，这也违反了个人的自由权。
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The strong rights theory we turn to today is libertarianism.
我们今天要讨论的权利理论是自由主义。
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The libertarian says nobody else is harmed,nobody else's rights are violated, so the state should get out of the business entirely of trying to promote virtue or to enact morals legislation.
自由主义者认为,其他人没有因此受到伤害，也没被侵权，所以政府不应该插手此事,不该试图立法弘扬道德。
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Now, while the- while team libertarian Julia, John, Alex.
现在，自由主义之队,朱莉娅，约翰，亚历克斯。
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What's wrong with the libertarian case against redistribution?
自由主义者反对再分配怎么不对了？
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