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Aristotle's claim about naturalness seems to require, as he told us, slavery, the categorical distinction of humanity into masters and slaves.
亚里士多德关于自然演变的主张,似乎包含了奴役，分类地,将人类区别成主与奴。
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"For we assert," he says, "nature does nothing in vain and man alone " among the animals has speech.
他说，“因为我们主张自然演变并不无道理,而人类独立于其它动物之外,是因为我们有辩论能力。
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The naturalness of slavery is said to follow from the belief that inequality, inequality is the basic rule between human beings.
奴役是自然的演变据其所言,是依寻着不平等的看法，不平等是人类之间最基本的法则。
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The polis is natural in the sense that it has grown out of smaller and lesser forms of human association.
城邦是自然的演变,因为它源自,较小单位形式的人类结合。
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In the literal opening, he gives what looks like a kind of natural history of the polis.
在本书开始的地方，他给了一种类似,城邦自然演变历史的说法。
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There are some who believe that slavery is natural, because ruling and being ruled is a pervasive distinction " that one sees all societies practice."
有些人相信,奴役是自然的演变，因为统治者与被统治者,有着普遍的区别,一方要看顾着整个社会的运作“
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But there is a second sense for him and, in some ways, a more important sense in which he says the polis is by nature.
但他还有另一种说法,且就某种程度看来是更重要的说法,他说城邦就是自然演变。
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War and the virtues necessary for war are as natural to the city as are the virtues of friendship, trust, and camaraderie that are also necessary.
战争与战争所需的美德,是城市的自然演变,这就像友爱，信任与同志情谊的美德,同等必要一样。
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Slavery is natural because we cannot rule ourselves without the restraint of the passions.
奴役是自然的演变,因为我们无法管理我们自己,若无克制激情。
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If slavery is natural, and if nature intends to distinguish the slave from the unfree, the free from the unfree, ? how can nature miss the mark?
如果奴役是自然的演变，而自然倾向于,将奴隶从不自由的人中区别出来，将自由从不自由中区别出来，自然如何会偏离正轨？
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In what sense, we could ask ourselves and I think you probably will be asking in your sections, ? in what sense is the city by nature?
就何种意义而言，我们能自问,且我想你们也应该,会在你们的时段讨论，就何种意义而言，城市是自然演变的存在？
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He seems there to be a kind of anthropologist writing a natural history.
他看似,以人类学家角色写自然演变史。
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If the latter, if this hierarchy of intelligence or this hierarchy of the rational is the result of upbringing, ? then how can slavery be defended as natural?
若是后者，即智慧的阶级制度,或说理性的阶级制度,是教养的结果，那奴役如何能以自然演变加以辩护？
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I refer to his arguments for the naturalness of slavery.
我所指的论述,即奴役的自然演变。
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So what follows, in one sense, that when Aristotle says that man is by nature a political animal and the city is by nature, the city can never be a universal state.
这响应了，亚里士多德所说,人类天生是政治动物,而城市是自然的演变，城市永远不能是一座万国之城。
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Aristotle tells us that slavery is natural.
亚里士多德告诉我们奴役是自然的演变。
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The city is natural in that it allows human beings to achieve and perfect what he calls their telos.
城市是自然的演变,它让人类可以达成,并完善他们被称为，Telos，的目标。
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