There was nature; now there is culture, which is very much like an event or birth in the older sense.

有了自然，然后就有了文明，这就像从前说的发展或者诞生。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

Cooked" brings "raw" into being in exactly the way culture brings nature into being.

熟食“使“生食“这个概念存在,正如文明使自然存在。

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The state of nature fully continues, in many ways, oddly even in civil society, he says, whenever we have reason to believe that our lives or our properties or ourselves are not secure.

从很多方面来说，自然状态，即使在文明社会里也显得奇怪，不论我们是否有理由相信我们有生活,生命和财产财产安全的保障。

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In other words, there is no nature unless you have culture to think it.

换言之，只有用文明来思考它，才有自然这个概念。

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How do we get out of it? This is of course for much of the book. What do we do to get out of this state of nature to enter ? a condition of civil society and civilized life?

我们怎么摆脱它呢,所要讲的一个重要问题,我们要怎样才能摆脱自然状态,从而进入文明社会的状态，过上文明的生活呢？

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

Nature is a meaningless concept just like the lack of meaning within nature, where there's no culture until culture comes along and says, "Oh, not so much there is nature, but I'm terribly unhappy because before I came along, there was nature." Right?

自然是个没有意义的概念,正如自然之中意义的缺乏，自然中原本没有文明，直到文明走过来说，“哦，自然的存在并不算什么，我很不高兴的是因为,我来之前，这里就有自然了“，是吧？

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选