The concept he calls a "signified" and the sound image he calls a "signifier."

事物被称为所指,声音形象被称为能指“

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

It works its magic, again, through purely instrumental means, so we can't really call those songs, and this puzzled me.

纯器乐的演奏方式,容我重申,能产生神奇的效果,所以我们其实不能把器乐称为歌曲,这让我很困惑

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

OK. The next largest element has to end up in the second last spot. Et cetera. All right, so it's called bubble sort because it does this bubbling up until it gets there.

好的，下一个最大元素又,能跑到倒数第二的位置，等等如此，好的，这称为冒泡排序,因为这个泡泡一直冒到他自己的位置。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

The atoms or molecules in the gas don't know that there are other atoms and molecules in the gas, and then you end up with this universal property. All right, so gases that have this universal property, even when the pressure is not zero, those are the ideal gases.

可以忽略,这样就得到了理想气体的性质,在有限压强下,依然能保持这些性质的气体，被称为理想气体，本课中我们把大部分气体，都作为理想气体来处理。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

stdio h This file here is called standard I/O or stdio.h and this is just another text file someone else wrote many years ago and by using that line of code there, I'm telling the computer, give me acces to this code that this other person wrote that's in that file.

在这里的头文件称为标准输入输出文件或,这是由某位前人编写的文本文件,我们只需要刚才所述的一行代码，就能告诉电脑，让我连接到,这个前人在那个文件中写的代码。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

Those animals that you produce are called transgenic animals because they're expressing, usually at high levels, a transgene or a gene that's not normally present in their species.

那么这些小鼠就称为转基因动物,因为转基因动物,通常能高效地,表达转基因,即一个通常不存在于该物种的基因

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Starbuck This was the main character known as "Starbuck," who got transformed into a woman in the more recent one, a sort of example of how portrayals are shifting in interesting ways.

这个是主角，被称为“,最近拍的那部，把这个角色变成了女人，这个例子就能有趣地说明媒体的描绘,总是变来变去的。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Once you can take one derivative, you can take any number of derivatives and the derivative of the velocity is called the acceleration, and we write it as the second derivative of position.

只要你能求一阶导数,你就能求任意阶的导数,速度的导数被称为"加速度",我们把它写成位移的二阶导数

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

There are only certain things that qualify.

并不是所有东西都能被称为食物

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

At the end of last class, we started sketching an argument that comes from Descartes, the Cartesian argument, that says merely by the process of thinking, on the basis of thought alone, it tends to show that the mind-- We all agree that there are minds.

在上次课的最后,我们开始简述一个,来自笛卡尔的论证,或称为卡氏论证,这个论证说仅仅通过思考,仅仅在思想的基础上,它就能证明心灵,我们都承认有心灵

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So I'm going to call that chips implanted in the brain to control prosthetics, but I'm going to make it a little bit more general and call a brain-machine interface.

我要谈谈,能控制假肢的植入性脑芯片,我会简要的谈到,我们把它称为脑机接口

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

In some sense, that's one reason to associate this as a kind of energy, H just like mechanical energy u or enthalpy H, it's the minimum free energy state that is the equilibrium state under the relevant conditions.

在某种意义下，这是我们把这些物理量称为能量的原因，就像机械能U和自由焓，具有最小自由能的状态在特定的条件下,就是平衡态。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

You could probably find some antigens that don't follow exactly this behavior, but in general, this is the kind of behavior you would see on first exposure to an antigen or vaccine, called the primary exposure, and on subsequent exposure to an antigen or vaccine called the boost.

可能你也会发现,一些抗原并不完全遵循这种模式,但通常来说,在你首次接触一种抗原或疫苗时,都能观察到这种模式,它被称为初次免疫,而接下来的,再次接触抗原或是疫苗被称为增强免疫

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选