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If people thought the stock was overpriced, well, people would have tried to sell it, and it would have come down.
如果人们觉得股票价格过高，人们就会把它卖了，价格就会下降。
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I'm gonna keep as part of each stock, it's history of prices, which we can initialize, well, I've initialized it as empty, but that's probably the wrong thing, right?
我会把股票的历史价格，作为每只股票的一部分，我们可以先对它的历史价格进行赋值，好了，我先给它赋了空值，但是这样做可能不对，是吗？
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So, there's been a number of articles that documented that stock prices tend to jump shortly after options are issued to managers.
有一些文章记载表明,在公司发给经理们股票期权之后,股票的价格往往会出现短期激涨
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That is to say, current prices reflect all publicly known information about each stock, and therefore are unbiased.
也就是说，现在的价格,反映了关于股票的所有公共信息,也就是说它是无偏向性的。
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And indeed it is the case that the price of the stock the amount of move, tends to be proportional to the price of the stock.
实际上它就是股票的价格,移动量，它们都倾向于和股票价格成正比。
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Saying, well, the market on average will go up a little bit, or go down a little bit.
导致了股票价格的浮动值不同,基本上股市平均是向上增长的或是向下跌了。
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Then you make money if the price of the stock rises above, in that case, $11 a share.
如果股票的价格高于十一美元,你就能够盈利
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That if people thought that the stock was underpriced well people would buy more of it in the price would have risen already.
如果人们认为股票的价格较低,人们就会买进股票,价格就会增高。
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well, that's the way Wall Street works or at least a -some people say markets are efficient and stock prices incorporate all information.
华尔街就是这么运作的,一些人认为市场是有效的,股票价格是各种信息的综合体现
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That's $1 more than it costs now in the market, so the options are worthless unless the price of the stock goes up.
这样每股就要比市场价多花费一美元,除非股票价格增长了,否则这个期权就是没有价值的
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Or the company says, congratulations we're repurchasing 2% of your shares and here's a check for $5 to pay you for those shares.
或者公司说,恭喜您我们要回购,您股票的2%,以每股5美元的价格,付给您的支票
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Even if the expected value is the same, they'd move around a lot.
即使股票的价格是一样的，但是它们的价格经历很多改变。
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Funny thing -the stock price soared right between August and December when they announced it.
有意思的是,在八月与他们发布消息的十二月之间,正巧股票价格飞涨
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So, that's supposed to incentivize you as a manager to get the stock price up.
所以,这会激励你,作为一个经理应该去提高股票价格
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The price reflects--really, when you buy a share of a company you own it forever.
这个价格反映出,当你购买一份股票并永久持有时
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When a stock is first listed in the market, it comes with some price.
当股票在市场中出现的时候，它就会有一个价格。
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Once they're investigated, their stock prices and their bond prices are going to fall.
一旦这些公司被调查,他们的股票价格和他们的债券价格就会下跌
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What this is is the price of a portfolio of shares in U.S. companies.
这是美国公司的股票投资组合的价格
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Maybe the company has a $15 equity price $14.8 and will be short $.15 of the equity, which we'll try and keep all the way down.
也许这个公司有价格为15美元的股票,我们会使其价值持续低于，并且努力保持这种状况。
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Now, I can set the price of a stock.
现在，我可以决定一个股票的价格了。
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You can see that the stock market has been more volatile than the earnings and the price of a share is many times higher than the earnings per share.
你可以看到,股票市场波动性大于其收益,每股价格往往是,每股收益的几倍之多
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One is that -there's a literature in finance about options and stock price performance, which goes back ten years, that shows that something is not quite right with the way companies issue options.
其中之一是,有一部关于期权与股票价格表现,的金融文献,讲述的是十年前,关于公司发行期权的,一些不太正确的做法
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For example, in looking at a stock, if you ask people to predict a stock market price they think of some number that they saw before and they are overly influenced by that number.
例如,预测股票时,如果让人们去预测一支股票的价格,人们会想起之前见过的数字,并深受其影响
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The debt irrelevance theory says that it matters for the price of a share what a company issues-- how much debt it takes on-- but it doesn't matter for the value of the company.
负债不相关理论说明它和,公司发行股票的每股价格,和总负债有关,但和公司的价值无关
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So, the broker calls you up and says, you're the last guy, you have the last one hundred shares in Google and Google wants to buy them and we'll give you $500 a share.
经纪人给你打电话说就差你一个了,你有谷歌最后的一手股票,谷歌想以500美元每股的价格买回来
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If a company--if its stock sells for less than its assets are worth then the company maybe should be broken up and the assets taken and given somewhere else because the low stock price indicates a problem.
如果一家公司---如果它的股票卖的,比它的资产价值低,那么这家公司也许就应该破产，并且,它的资产就应该被占用或分配到其他地方,因为低的股票价格预示着一个危机。
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If stock price option -if stock options tend to be issued as announced by the company later, just before stock prices go up, there's no way that that can be right because nobody can know exactly when the stock price is going to go up.
如果股票期权价格...,如果就像公司事后宣称的一样,公司恰好是在股价上涨之前,发行的股票期权,这是不可能做到的,因为没有人可以确切知道,股票价格何时会上涨
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Now, there's the other side of the stock going up and we have to think about how much that can cost us and whether our coupons are enough and whether the difference between the $.60 that we paid is apt to cover that.
现在，如果相反，股票价格上升,那么我们必须考虑这会花费我们多少,以及我们的票息,和我们付出的0。60美元的价格和,是否能够恰好冲抵它。
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It's kind of like the average price of a share adjusted for splits because you don't want the--obviously when they do a two-for-one split, the price falls in half and that's meaningless, so you want to correct for splits.
有点像经过分割调整的股票平均价格,因为你不想,当一股分割成两股,价格下跌一半,这是没意义的,所以要修正分割
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If I came to the office next week and decided domestic stocks were too high -I want to move that target down to 8% -in the way that I've described market timing, that would be a market timing move and we're very careful not to do that.
如果下周我上班时,认为国内股票价格偏高,我会把权重调低到8%,用我描述过的方式,这就是个市场时机选择的操作,我们一般很谨慎,并不会轻易那么做
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