That is to say, if something causes literature, there must be some sort of authority behind it and therefore we find ourselves asking, "What is an author?"

即是说，如果文学有缘由的，它的背后一定存在作者,所以我们会问，“作者是谁？“

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

In a way, there's a subset of questions that arises from those, to the effect that this is, of course, what we'll be taking up next time: the question "What is an author?"

从这些大问题中又会产生一些小问题，这些问题也将是我们以后会讨论的：,关于文学的缘由，我们接着又会问，“作者是谁？“

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

Here again, the massacre of the innocents, where villages are just being executed because they are there.

这一幅叫做《对无辜者的大屠杀》,村民被无缘无故地处决,毫无缘由

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

More in number than the hairs of my head are those who hate me without cause.

恨我之人多如牛毛,没有任何缘由。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

Why would anyone ever risk one's life for ? one's country or a cause just to help other people, people that we don't know and probably will never know?

为什么人人都要为自己的国家或者,去救人的缘由而冒险，并且这个人我们不认识,可能永远也不会认识？

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

Well, this is where the thinking comes in.

这就是他的思考的缘由。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

This is somebody being tortured at the stake for merely existing, for having not confessed to being a Protestant or a Catholic or whatever.

那个人被毫无缘由地处决,或者由于新教徒或天主教徒的身份,或者其他什么原因而受罚

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

What causes literature and what are the effects of literature?

文学的缘由是什么，它又带来了哪些影响？

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选