Okay. That is Beethoven, Ludwig van Beethoven, and do you know the name of the piece?

好的,就是贝多芬,路德维希·凡·贝多芬,那么你知道这首曲子的名字吗

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

Is it in the collective memory that people remember three centuries later that the Catholic Church was identified, at least as a hierarchy, with the Vichy Regime in World war II?

到二战时 宗教战争已经过去了三百年,在村民的大众记忆中是否因为等级制度,仍将天主教和二战中的维希政府视为一丘之貉

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Now, Ludwig van Beethoven was in his fifties when he was working on his last symphony-- what would prove to be his last symphony-- his Ninth Symphony, and he'd been tinkering with this particular melody all the way back to probably 1803, so it's about twenty years or so.

路德维希·凡·贝多芬在五十多岁时,创作了他最后一首交响乐,后来成为他最后的交响曲,就是他的第九交响曲,他一直在锤炼这段旋律,也许要追溯到一八零三年,所以大概经历了二十个年头

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选